## Abstract Tollβlike receptors comprise a family of evolutionary conserved pattern recognition receptors that act as a first defense line in the innate immune system. Upon stimulation with microbial ligands, they orchestrate the induction of a host defense response by activating different signalin
Toll-like and adenosine receptor expression in injured skeletal muscle
β Scribed by Gordon L. Warren; Tracy Hulderman; Angie Liston; Petia P. Simeonova
- Publisher
- John Wiley and Sons
- Year
- 2011
- Tongue
- English
- Weight
- 484 KB
- Volume
- 44
- Category
- Article
- ISSN
- 0148-639X
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## Abstract Tollβlike receptors (TLRs) recognize pathogenβassociated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and enable innate immune responses. Although TLR9 has been previously considered to be expressed only in immune cells, there is now increasing evidence that TLR9 expression is present in nonimmune cells
## Abstract __Introduction__: Sterile tissue injury induces an inflammatory response involving cytokines that have crucial roles in the tissue repair that follows. __Methods__: MyH3 and type 1 interferon (IFN) were assessed by qPCR after cardiotoxin (CTX)βinduced muscle injury. __Results__: CTXβind