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Tillage erosion, water erosion and soil quality on cultivated terraces near Xifeng in the Loess Plateau, China

✍ Scribed by T. A. Quine; D. E. Walling; X. Zhang

Publisher
John Wiley and Sons
Year
1999
Tongue
English
Weight
732 KB
Volume
10
Category
Article
ISSN
1085-3278

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✦ Synopsis

This study sought to contribute to the understanding of soil redistribution by tillage on terraces and the extent and causes of within-®eld variation in soil properties by examining the spatial distributions of soil redistribution rates, derived using caesium-137, and of total nitrogen and total phosphorus concentrations, within a ribbon and a shoulder terrace in a area of the Loess Plateau of China. Additional water erosion rate data were obtained for nine other terraces. Water erosion rates on the ribbon terraces were low (51 kg m À2 yr À1 ), unless slope tangents exceeded 0 . 1. However, despite the use of animal traction, high rates of tillage erosion were observed (mean 5 . 5 kg m À2 yr À1 ). Soil nitrogen concentrations were related to rates of soil redistribution by tillage on the ribbon terrace examined in detail. In general, higher rates of water erosion (0 . 5±2 . 9 kg m À2 yr À1 ) and lower rates of tillage erosion (mean 1 . 4 kg m À2 yr À1 ) were evident on the longer shoulder terraces. On the shoulder terrace examined in detail, soil phosphorus concentrations were related to net rates of soil redistribution.

A statistically signi®cant regression relationship between water erosion rates and the USLE length and slope factor was used in conjunction with the simulation of tillage erosion rates to evaluate a range of terrace designs. It is suggested that o-site impacts of erosion could be further reduced by ensuring that the slope tangents are kept below 0 . 06 and lengths below 30 m, especially on the shoulder terraces. Tillage erosion and the systematic redistribution of soil nutrients could be reduced by modi®cation of the contour-cultivation technique to turn soil in opposing directions in alternate years.

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