Thermal Microwave Radiation: Applications for Remote Sensing

✍ Scribed by Christian Matzler

• Publisher: Institution of Engineering and Technology
• Year: 2006
• Tongue: English
• Leaves: 583
• Series: IET Electromagnetic Waves
• Edition: illustrated edition
• Category: Library

✦ Synopsis

This book combines theoretical concepts with experimental results on thermal microwave radiation to increase the understanding of the complex nature of terrestrial media. With the emphasis on radiative transfer models, this new book covers the urgent needs for the transition from the experimental phase of microwave remote sensing to operational applications. This book covers all terrestrial aspects from clear to cloudy atmosphere, precipitation, ocean and land surfaces, vegetation, snow and ice. A chapter on new results of microwave dielectric properties of natural media, covering wavelengths from the decimetre to the submillimetre range, will be a source for further radiative transfer developments, which extends the applicability to radar and other electromagnetic tools, which include extraterrestrial objects, for example planets and comets.Also available:

Waveguide Handbook - ISBN 9780863410581 Ionospheric Radio - ISBN 9780863411861

The Institution of Engineering and Technology is one of the world's leading professional societies for the engineering and technology community. The IET publishes more than 100 new titles every year; a rich mix of books, journals and magazines with a back catalogue of more than 350 books in 18 different subject areas including:

-Power & Energy -Renewable Energy -Radar, Sonar & Navigation -Electromagnetics -Electrical Measurement -History of Technology -Technology Management

✦ Table of Contents

Contents......Page 6
Foreword......Page 14
Acknowledgements......Page 18
Curricula......Page 20
List of contributors......Page 22
1.1 Historical overview......Page 28
1.2 Kirchhoff's law of thermal radiation......Page 32
1.3 The radiative-transfer equation......Page 34
1.4 Polarisation and Stokes parameters......Page 39
References......Page 48
2.1 Introduction......Page 52
2.2 HITRAN (high resolution transmission)......Page 55
2.3 GEISA (Gestion et étude des informations spectroscopiques atmosphériques: Management and study of atmospheric spectroscopic information)......Page 64
2.4 BEAMCAT......Page 78
2.5 Atmospheric radiative-transfer simulator......Page 81
2.6 Atmospheric transmission at microwaves......Page 84
2.7 RTTOV-8......Page 85
2.9 Laboratory and theoretical work......Page 87
2.10 Modelling and validation issues......Page 92
2.11 Comparisons of model predictions with atmospheric measurements......Page 94
2.12 Conclusions and recommendations for future development of models and databases......Page 104
References......Page 107
3.1 Introduction, purpose and scope......Page 128
3.2 Basic quantities in RT......Page 129
3.3 Simplified forms of extinction and phase matrix and of absorption vector......Page 136
3.4 Single scattering parameter computations......Page 141
3.5 Simplified forms of the radiative-transfer equation......Page 153
3.6 Numerical methods for the solution of the VRTE......Page 160
3.7 Approximate solution methods......Page 173
3.8 Microwave signatures of clouds and precipitation......Page 189
3.9 Polarisation effects of particle orientation......Page 224
3.10 Recommendations and outlook to future developments......Page 237
References......Page 239
4.1 Introduction, purpose and scope......Page 252
4.2 Comparison of emission models for covered surfaces......Page 254
4.3 Relief effects for microwave radiometry......Page 267
4.4 Ocean emissivity models......Page 277
4.5 Modelling the emission at 1.4 GHz for global sea-surface salinity measurements......Page 284
4.6 Modelling the soil microwave emission......Page 303
4.7 Air-to-soil transition model......Page 314
4.8 Microwave emissivity in arid regions: What can we learn from satellite observations?......Page 328
4.9 Parametrisations of the effective temperature for L-band radiometry. Inter-comparison and long term validation with SMOSREX field experiment......Page 339
4.10 Modelling the effect of the vegetation structure - evaluating the sensitivity of the vegetation model parameters to the canopy geometry and to the configuration parameters (frequency, polarisation and incidence angle)......Page 351
4.11 Passive microwave emissivity in vegetated regions as directly calculated from satellite observations......Page 361
4.12 The b-factor relating vegetation optical depth to vegetation water content......Page 368
4.13 Modelling forest emission......Page 376
4.14 L-MEB: a simple model at L-band for the continental areas - application to the simulation of a half-degree resolution and global scale dataset......Page 389
4.15 Microwave emission of snow......Page 398
4.16 Sea ice emission modelling......Page 409
References......Page 428
5 Dielectric properties of natural media......Page 454
5.1 Introduction to dielectric properties......Page 455
5.2 Freshwater and seawater......Page 458
5.3 Microwave dielectric properties of ice......Page 482
5.4 Minerals and rocks......Page 490
5.5 Mixing models for heterogeneous and granular media......Page 491
5.6 Electrodynamic phenomena resulting from the heterogeneity structure......Page 504
5.7 Dielectric properties of heterogeneous media......Page 507
References......Page 523
Appendix A: Surface emissivity data from microwave experiments at the University of Bern......Page 534
Appendix B: Surface emissivity data from PORTOS-Avignon experiment......Page 546
Appendix C: Experimental data used to construct the interpolation function for the dielectric constant of water......Page 550
Appendix D: Useful mixing formulae......Page 568
Index......Page 572

✦ Subjects

Науки о Земле;Метеорология и климатология;Физико-химические процессы в атмосфере. Методы измерений;