The temperature dependence of the thickness of a nonfreezing on temperature of the mean viscosity upon the radius of water interlayer confined between an ice core and a smooth surface quartz capillaries having different radii, and the dependence of quartz capillary is studied here theoretically. By using the prinof mean viscosity upon the radius of quartz capillaries (1). ciple of conservation of energy a first order differential equation When two phases are confined in a capillary, the equilibrium is found. The equation relates the temperature and the film thickmay also depend on the thickness of the phases involved. ness via the film pressure (disjoining pressure). Molecular and One example is the existence of a non-freezing water interstructural components of this pressure are examined. Nonequiliblayer between a pore filled with ice and the molecularly rium and equilibrium solutions are compared with the respective smooth surface of a quartz capillary. The thickness of this experimental data. It is shown that disjoining pressure forces cause the lowering of the temperature in systems having confined phases. nonfreezing interlayer depends on the temperature. Water ᭧ 1997 Academic Press
interlayer thickness decreases with decreasing temperature (1). An explanation of this phenomenon using fluid dynamic arguments and the concept of disjoining pressure is presented below.
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