A theory of stable crack growth, for generalized plane stress conditions, is presented which is based upon a Dugdale model of plasticity and an energy balance approach to fracture. Several forms for the rate of energy dissipation in the plastic zone are considered. It is shown that the J-integral, when used in conjunction with the Dugdale model, may not be of direct relevance to the rate of stable crack growth. By introducing the well known concept of a fracture process zone, and incorporating it into an expression for the rate of energy dissipation in the plastic zone, a simple stable crack growth law is derived which is very similar to an existing relation based upon a "final stretch" fracture criterion.
The energy balance approach is extended to derive the growth law for cracks propagating in test specimens subjected to point loads. The material may be non-linear elastic-plastic provided that the Dugdale model of yield is appropriate. It is shown how load-displacement records might be used to predict the amount of stable crack growth in linear elastic-perfectly plastic sheets having reasonably general geometries which are subjected to point loads.
21(0 tan 0 -In sec 0) = l,
(3) in which case di/dO ~ oo indicating that unstable fracture takes place, presumably at an infinite speed since inertia effects are neglected when deriving (1). It is worth noting