๐”– Bobbio Scriptorium
โœฆ   LIBER   โœฆ

Theory of dyeing

โœ Scribed by Dreaper, W. P. ;Wilson, W.


Publisher
Wiley (John Wiley & Sons)
Year
1910
Weight
513 KB
Volume
29
Category
Article
ISSN
0368-4075

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โœฆ Synopsis


bo nlwnys indicntcd. Hc gntlicrcd tlint oiily oiic of these oils ivns bcing iinprtcd into 15uropc; but if thcy \vcrc clicnp nnd plcntiful in Indin, thcrc should be n cnneidcrnblc opcning for thcir export. All thc oils striiclc liiiii as bcing vcry rniicitl ; ivns that n stnncling fcnturc, or \vim it iiicrcly duo to tho fnct thnt tlic? ~c r c prcpnrrd 011 n very soinll Rcnlc nntl l i d thcrcforc CCC~I csposrd to oxidizing influences ? ~)r.J.LE~liO\VITSCIl snit1 thnt these oils, with thc csccpt ion of tho butter fnts, lind bccn Iircpnrcd 11, long time ngo nntl lind tlicn bcconic rnncitl. 'J'hc glii diowd how, hy n i~nturnl process, tliosc nlio wcrc forrccl to cnt fnt. of o m kind or nnotlicr hit upon n iiiot!c of p p u r i n g onc of the most iriiportniit footlstuffs in siicli n niitiiiwr tlint, it did not cttsily bccoino rancid. 'l*hc butter fnts cxhibitcd wcrc obtnincd by siiiiply tnking oiit. tlic imtcr nnd t Iic pu1rcst:ililc substnnccs, SO tlint the fat coultl I10 kept fnr I L l o ~g tiiiic nnd could 1 s trnruportcd over loiig distnrws. 'L'his proccss wns also pructisctl in Sibcrin, (:lii~v~, r.11tl 'J'urlccy, nll of which countries coiisiitiictl buttcr iii tlic foriii of buttcr fat. Jn South Gcrmnny nlso hitter fat ivns IL wellknown article of coinuicrct: nnil wns sold in considcrnblc qu3~tities. Tlic prncticc cstcndcd in South Gcr:nni!y cven to tlic prepamtion of hrgc qunrtitics of " innrgnrinc fats " prcpnrcd in that w y froin ninrgnrinc. Thc high voucrntion in which tho ghi wns lrclil ivns shown by tlic fnst that i,u, Soutlicrn lndin buttcr fat. wiis biirnctl iii tlic temples. lliis wns nlso the cnsc iii tho lniiinscrice of Tibct, whcrc huttcr-fat wns b,uriit Iicforc thc idols. 'L'hc cnlnincrcinl sirlc of thc qucstion was untloubtcdly of vcry grcnt importnimc. 'l'lic onliic of the cxportri of oil sccds itnd fruits from Indin, nlloning for fliictuntions in pricc8, niiiountcd to from f8,00@,000 to .โ‚ฌ12,000,000 pcr nlinuiil; 1110 principal wcrc linsccd, cotton sccd, rnpo sccd, scsnini. sccd, nrncliis nuts, coprn. nnd cnetor sccd. It sccinctl curious tlint a country of tlint sizo nntl n.cnltl1 wns unnblc to prodiico tlic oils niid fats which I d to bc nintiufncturctl in Europc. 'l'lio habit of tlic nntivcs, proclucctl through tho long oppression by tlic i\lohnnictlniis, of hoarding their silvcr hod to n lnrgc cxtcnt ~iiilitntccl ngniust tlic crcction of fnctories.

Tho ninount of ntlultcrntion which wont on ia siiiiill rillngcs, whcrc nll tliosc oils wcrc produced by simply grii:ding tho sectla bcta.ccii stonc, \v&s iricrcdiblc. Tho ntitives lint1 cvcn found tlint linsccd caltc could cnrry any niiiount of stiiff wliicli wis not linsccd if put in KO tlint tho cnkc woultl not show it on siinplc inspection. Only rccciitly liiditiii " Sntivc linsccd cnko " lint1 bcen csportcd to tho Contincut, tho buyers bclicving that tlic nniiic indicntctl that it. wns rcnlly ~I W C linsced, but'whicli coiitniiicd hcnvy ndniisturcs of iiioivrn sccd, which was bitter ant1 inofit injurious to nnimnls. All thouc things would linvc to bo nltcrcc!. \'lint Iiiclin wnutcd was, not only coinmcrcinl enterprim osploitntion of thcir nnturnl rcsourccs, but nlso n stnff of youiig nicn wlio worc nhlc to citrry out scicntificnlly nll thnt \vus done now iii thc ordinary intlustrinl proccdurc in this couiitry.

Mr. E. R. BOLTOS snid tho Rcichcrt-?hiss1 vnluc of tlio buffnlo biittcr scciiicd abnorinrlly low ; wtis tlint tlic only snii~plc or lint1 tlicrc bccn ollicrs of ivliicli. lhnt figiirc wns nii nvcrngo y Tlicrc wcrc soino figorcs publislirtl by Iliohnroiid ionic little tiiuc n 10 which wcrc wry high ; and in n rccciit p p c r (i\nnf;'st, 1010, ~j ) , of wliic1i Iic wns joint nutlior, tlioy lint1 obtitinctl figures for piirc glii inucli higher thnn flint 1 1 0 ~ sllown ; but tlicy hnd not tho ndvnntngc of linowing lor certniii ~v h ~t l i c ~~ thcy ivcrc for buffnlo or cow's buttcr. 'J'hcir p n p r confirriicd Alr. hlciion's sttitciiicnt t lint phi was Inrgcly ntlultcrntctl. Out of n nuinlr of sniiiplcs which tliey lriicl annlgscd, tlioy had only bccn lucky ciiougli to find it fcw pure ones. 1 % ~ wns cont iiiunlly iiiiprc~scd by t Iic nccuriicy nntl rclinbility of \'ijs' solution. JVhcn onc oncc got into tho wny of worlriiig it, oiiu could linrtlly go wrong niid Iic Iiopcd, for tho snltc of uniformity of rcsiilts, tlint in tiinc ovcry analyst would UAO it.


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