## Abstract Density functional calculations at the B3LYP/6‐311++G\*\* level have been performed to determine the ground‐state conformational preference for kojic acid, a widely used skin‐whitening, antibrowning, and antibacterial agent. It is found that the gas phase consists almost entirely of the
Theoretical study of morphine and heroin: Conformational study in gas phase and aqueous solution and electron distribution analysis
✍ Scribed by David A. Rincón; M. Natália D. S. Cordeiro; Ricardo A. Mosquera
- Publisher
- John Wiley and Sons
- Year
- 2010
- Tongue
- English
- Weight
- 646 KB
- Volume
- 110
- Category
- Article
- ISSN
- 0020-7608
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✦ Synopsis
Abstract
The conformational preferences of morphine and heroin were studied in gas phase and with inclusion of solvent effects. At 298.15 K, three conformers are significant for isolated morphine, all of them displaying antiperiplanar arrangement for the C2C3OH unit, and there is only one significantly populated conformer for heroin. Quantum theory of atoms in molecules analysis of the electron density in their most populated conformers in gas phase indicates that the positive charge is shared among the amino hydrogen, those hydrogens of the methylamino group, and all of the hydrogens attached to the bridgehead carbons. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem 110:2472–2482, 2010
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