✍ Scribed by Noriyuki Hatakenaka; Hideaki Takayanagi
No coin nor oath required. For personal study only.
The Josephson effect under particle-number restriction is investigated based on the Feynman two-state model. The existence of new dynamical states of the Josephson phase inherent in such a restricted situation is shown. The new state describes a number of features recently observed in a superfluid 3 He weak-link system. Quantum decay from Josephson π states is also investigated. Since the π state has two different decay paths, they can interfere during the decay processes by quantum tunneling due to a topological phase originating from total particle-number restriction, and result in a parity effect for tunneling.
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