✍ Scribed by Clare, K. E.
No coin nor oath required. For personal study only.
The stability of cohesive soils is determined largely by their moisture content, and methods of waterproofing or “stabilizing” soils have an important application in the field of road construction. This paper describes study made at the Road Research Laboratory of a method of waterproofing such soils by the addition of small quantities of two natural resinous match, “Vinsol” resin and rosin. The study consisted of an investigation of the properties of soil containing resin, and of the mechanism whereby the waterproofing action is obtained. It was found that a maximum waterproofing effect is obtained with concentrations of resin of the order of I% by weight of the soil, that the effect may take some time to develop, and that the presence of resin affects the compaction properties of the soil. The waterproofing obtained is only operative when the soil has an acidic reaction, but it is shown that a resinous emulsion can be used to waterproof chalky soil. The Kozeny equation for the rate of capillary absorption of water by soil has been used in assessing the reduction in the rate of absorption caused by the addition of “Vinsol” resin to soil. It is considered improbable that the addition of resin reduces the rate of absorption, either by blocking the major soil pores, or by adsorption on the surfaces of the soil particles. It is shown that a reduction in surface tension, as measured by the force exerted on a stirrup dipping into water, is also not a determining factor. It is considered that the most probable mechanism is one in which molecular films of resin spread out at the air water interfaces in the moist soil. These films resist the entrance of further water owing to the tendency to reduce the total area of the interface, and the compressive strength of the film becomes the determining factor once the film is spread, by reducing the effective surface tension of the soil water. Pressure/ area relationships for films of the resinous materials investigated are presented, showing that the reduction in surface tension obtained due to the compressive strength of the films is of the required order.
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