The use of sulfated tin oxide as solid superacid catalyst for heterogeneous transesterification ofJatropha curcasoil
✍ Scribed by Gerald Kafuku; Keat Teong Lee; Makame Mbarawa
- Book ID
- 111491398
- Publisher
- Versita
- Year
- 2010
- Tongue
- English
- Weight
- 219 KB
- Volume
- 64
- Category
- Article
- ISSN
- 0366-6352
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✦ Synopsis
Abstract
This work presents the use of sulfated tin oxide enhanced with SiO2 (SO42−/SnO2-SiO2) as a superacid solid catalyst to produce methyl esters from Jatropha curcas oil. The study was conducted using the design of experiment (DoE), specifically a response surface methodology based on a threevariable central composite design (CCD) with α = 2. The reaction parameters in the parametric study were: reaction temperature (60°C to 180°C), reaction period (1 h to 3 h), and methanol to oil mole ratio (1: 6 to 1: 24). Production of the esters was conducted using an autoclave nitrogen pressurized reactor equipped with a thermocouple and a magnetic stirrer. The maximum methyl esters yield of 97 mass % was obtained at the reaction conditions: temperature of 180°C, reaction period of 2 h, and methanol to oil mole ratio of 1: 15. The catalyst amount and agitation speed were fixed to 3 mass % and 350–360 min−1, respectively. Properties of the methyl esters obtained fell within the recommended biodiesel standards such as ASTM D6751 (ASTM, 2003).