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The role of insulin-like growth factor-I and its binding proteins in glucose homeostasis and type 2 diabetes

✍ Scribed by Swapnil N. Rajpathak; Marc J. Gunter; Judith Wylie-Rosett; Gloria Y. F. Ho; Robert C. Kaplan; Radhika Muzumdar; Thomas E. Rohan; Howard D. Strickler

Publisher
John Wiley and Sons
Year
2009
Tongue
English
Weight
186 KB
Volume
25
Category
Article
ISSN
1520-7552

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✦ Synopsis

This review addresses the possible role of the insulin-like growth factor (IGF)axis in normal glucose homoeostasis and in the etiopathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. IGF-I, a peptide hormone, shares amino acid sequence homology with insulin and has insulin-like activity; most notably, the promotion of glucose uptake by peripheral tissues. Type 2 diabetes as well as pre-diabetic states, including impaired fasting glucose and impaired glucose tolerance, are associated cross-sectionally with altered circulating levels of IGF-I and its binding proteins (IGFBPs). Administration of recombinant human IGF-I has been reported to improve insulin sensitivity in healthy individuals as well as in patients with insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Further, IGF-I may have beneficial effects on systemic inflammation, a risk factor for type 2 diabetes, and on pancreatic Ξ²-cell mass and function. There is considerable inter-individual heterogeneity in endogenous levels of IGF-I and its binding proteins; however, the relationship between these variations and the risk of developing type 2 diabetes has not been extensively investigated. Large prospective studies are required to evaluate this association. Copyright ο›™ 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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