๐”– Bobbio Scriptorium
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The Relationship between Stress and Addiction

โœ Scribed by Hassanbeigi, Afsaneh; Askari, Jafar; Hassanbeigi, Dordaneh; Pourmovahed, Zahra

Book ID
122681796
Publisher
Elsevier
Year
2013
Tongue
English
Weight
512 KB
Volume
84
Category
Article
ISSN
1877-0428

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## It has been proposed that the animal experiments on inescapable shock may serve as a model for PTSD in humans. Learned helplessness theory, which also derives from the experiments on inescapable shock, proposes that helplessness behavior in humans is the result of people's expectations about eve