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The precancer risk of betel quid chewing, tobacco use and alcohol consumption in oral leukoplakia and oral submucous fibrosis in southern Taiwan

✍ Scribed by Lee, C-H; Ko, Y-C; Huang, H-L; Chao, Y-Y; Tsai, C-C; Shieh, T-Y; Lin, L-M

Book ID
109997464
Publisher
Nature Publishing Group
Year
2003
Tongue
English
Weight
111 KB
Volume
88
Category
Article
ISSN
0007-0920

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## Abstract A multicenter case‐control study was conducted in northern and southern Taiwan to clarify the independent and combined effects of alcohol intake, tobacco smoking and betel quid chewing on the risk of esophageal cancer. A total of 513 patients with newly diagnosed and histopathologically