The role of cognition in classical and o
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Irving Kirsch; Steven Jay Lynn; Michael Vigorito; Ralph R. Miller
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Article
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2004
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John Wiley and Sons
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English
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## Abstract For the past 35 years, learning theorists have been providing models that depend on mental representations, even in their most simple, deterministic, and mechanistic approaches. Hence, cognitive involvement (typically thought of as expectancy) is assumed for most instances of classical