Table of Contents
Course Introduction i
Table of Contents.......................................................................................... iii
About This Course ........................................................................................ ix
About CompTIA Certifications..................................................................... xiii
Module 1 / Local Area Networks 1
Module 1 / Unit 1
Topologies and the OSI Model 3
Key Features of Networks..............................................................................4
Network Topologies .......................................................................................6
The OSI Model.............................................................................................11
Physical Layer .............................................................................................14
Data Link Layer............................................................................................14
Network Layer..............................................................................................17
Transport Layer ...........................................................................................18
Upper Layers ...............................................................................................19
OSI Model Summary....................................................................................21
Module 1 / Unit 2
Ethernet 23
Transmission Media.....................................................................................24
Media Access Control ..................................................................................27
Broadcast Domains......................................................................................28
Ethernet Frames ..........................................................................................30
Ethernet Deployment Standards ..................................................................32
MAC Addressing..........................................................................................35
Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) .............................................................37
Packet Sniffers.............................................................................................40
Module 1 / Unit 3
Hubs, Bridges, and Switches 43
Hubs and Bridges ........................................................................................44
Switches ......................................................................................................47
Switch Interface Configuration .....................................................................50
Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) .....................................................................52
Power over Ethernet (PoE) ..........................................................................55
Module 1 / Unit 4
Infrastructure and Design 59
Network Infrastructure Implementations.......................................................60
Planning an Enterprise Campus Network.....................................................61
Network Hierarchy and Distributed Switching...............................................64
Software Defined Networking.......................................................................66
Planning a SOHO Network ..........................................................................67
TCP/IP Protocol Suite ..................................................................................69
Module 1 / Unit 5
Policies and Best Practices 74
Procedures and Standards ..........................................................................75
Safety Procedures .......................................................................................75
Incident Response Policies..........................................................................78
Security and Data Policies...........................................................................79
Password Policy ..........................................................................................84
Employee Policies .......................................................................................85
Module 1 / Summary
Local Area Networks 91
Module 2 / IP Addressing 93
Module 2 / Unit 1
Internet Protocol 95
IPv4 .............................................................................................................96
IPv4 Address Structure................................................................................98
Subnet Masks............................................................................................100
IP Routing Basics ......................................................................................101
ipconfig / ifconfig........................................................................................103
ICMP and ping...........................................................................................105
Module 2 / Unit 2
IPv4 Addressing 110
Broadcast, Multicast, and Unicast..............................................................111
Classful Addressing...................................................................................112
Public versus Private Addressing ..............................................................113
Subnetting and Classless Addressing........................................................115
Planning an IPv4 Addressing Scheme.......................................................117
Public Internet Addressing.........................................................................119
Variable Length Subnet Masks (VLSM) .....................................................121
Module 2 / Unit 3
IPv6 Addressing 126
IPv6 Address Format .................................................................................127
IPv6 Addressing Schemes.........................................................................130
IPv6 Address Autoconfiguration................................................................. 134
Migrating to IPv6........................................................................................135
Module 2 / Unit 4
DHCP and APIPA 138
IPv4 Address Autoconfiguration................................................................. 139
Configuring DHCP.....................................................................................142
DHCPv6 ....................................................................................................145
Module 2 / Summary
IP Addressing 149
Module 3 / Internetworking 151
Module 3 / Unit 1
Routing 153
Routing Basics...........................................................................................154
Routing Algorithms and Metrics ................................................................. 158
Dynamic Routing Protocols........................................................................160
Administrative Distance and Route Redistribution......................................164
IPv4 and IPv6 Internet Routing ..................................................................165
High Availability Routing ............................................................................166
Installing and Configuring Routers .............................................................167
Routing Troubleshooting Tools ..................................................................169
Module 3 / Unit 2
TCP and UDP 177
Transmission Control Protocol (TCP).........................................................178
User Datagram Protocol (UDP)..................................................................181
TCP and UDP Ports...................................................................................181
Port Scanners ............................................................................................183
Protocol Analyzers .....................................................................................188
Module 3 / Unit 3
Name Resolution and IPAM 191
Host Names and FQDNs ...........................................................................192
Domain Name System...............................................................................194
Configuring DNS Servers...........................................................................196
Resource Records .....................................................................................198
Name Resolution Tools..............................................................................203
IP Address Management (IPAM)................................................................206
Module 3 / Unit 4
Monitoring and Scanning 208
Performance Monitoring.............................................................................209
Network Monitoring Utilities........................................................................210
Logs and Event Management ....................................................................213
Simple Network Management Protocol ......................................................217
Analyzing Performance Metrics..................................................................220
Patch Management....................................................................................222
Vulnerability Scanning ...............................................................................224
Module 3 / Unit 5
Network Troubleshooting 228
Troubleshooting Procedures ......................................................................229
Identifying the Problem ..............................................................................230
Establishing a Probable Cause ..................................................................232
Establishing a Plan of Action......................................................................235
Troubleshooting Hardware Failure Issues..................................................237
Troubleshooting Addressing Issues ...........................................................240
Troubleshooting DHCP Issues...................................................................244
Troubleshooting Name Resolution .............................................................245
Troubleshooting Services...........................................................................247
Module 3 / Summary
Internetworking 249
Module 4 / Applications and Security 251
Module 4 / Unit 1
Applications and Services 253
TCP/IP Services ........................................................................................254
HTTP and Web Servers.............................................................................255
SSL / TLS and HTTPS...............................................................................256
Email (SMTP / POP / IMAP) ......................................................................260
Voice Services (VoIP and VTC)................................................................. 262
Real-time Services Protocols.....................................................................264
Quality of Service ......................................................................................267
Traffic Shaping ..........................................................................................269
Bottlenecks and Load Balancing................................................................270
Multilayer Switches ....................................................................................272
Module 4 / Unit 2
Virtualization, SAN, and Cloud Services 275
Virtualization Technologies........................................................................276
Network Storage Types .............................................................................280
Fibre Channel and InfiniBand ....................................................................282
iSCSI .........................................................................................................284
Cloud Computing.......................................................................................285
Configuring Cloud Connectivity..................................................................288
Module 4 / Unit 3
Network Security Design 293
Security Basics..........................................................................................294
Common Networking Attacks.....................................................................296
Network Segmentation and DMZ...............................................................300
Virtual LANs (VLAN)..................................................................................303
VLAN Trunks .............................................................................................305
Network Address Translation (NAT) ..........................................................309
Device and Service Hardening ..................................................................313
Honeypots and Penetration Tests..............................................................316
Module 4 / Unit 4
Network Security Appliances 319
Basic Firewalls...........................................................................................320
Stateful Firewalls .......................................................................................321
Deploying a Firewall ..................................................................................323
Configuring a Firewall ................................................................................326
Deploying a Proxy .....................................................................................328
Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) .............................................................331
Denial of Service .......................................................................................336
Module 4 / Unit 5
Authentication and Endpoint Security 340
Authentication and Access Controls ..........................................................341
Social Engineering.....................................................................................343
Authentication Technologies......................................................................346
PKI and Digital Certificates ........................................................................351
Local Authentication ..................................................................................353
RADIUS and TACACS+.............................................................................355
Directory Services .....................................................................................356
Endpoint Security.......................................................................................359
Network Access Control.............................................................................360
Module 4 / Summary
Applications and Security 365
Module 5 / Operations and Infrastructure 367
Module 5 / Unit 1
Network Site Management 371
Network Cabling Solutions .........................................................................372
Distribution Frames....................................................................................374
Change and Configuration Management....................................................376
Network Documentation and Diagrams......................................................378
Labeling .....................................................................................................381
Physical Security Devices ..........................................................................382
Business Continuity and Disaster Recovery...............................................386
Network Link Management ........................................................................389
Power Management...................................................................................391
Backup Management .................................................................................394
Module 5 / Unit 2
Installing Cabled Networks 397
Twisted Pair Cable (UTP / STP / ScTP) .....................................................398
Twisted Pair Connectors............................................................................401
Wiring Tools and Techniques.....................................................................403
Cable Testing Tools ...................................................................................404
Troubleshooting Wired Connectivity...........................................................407
Other Copper Cable Types ........................................................................409
Fiber Optic Cable and Connectors .............................................................412
Transceivers and Media Converters...........................................................416
Module 5 / Unit 3
Installing Wireless Networks 419
Wireless Standards (IEEE 802.11).............................................................420
Wireless Network Topologies.....................................................................423
Wireless Site Design..................................................................................424
Troubleshooting Wireless Connectivity ......................................................428
Wireless Security .......................................................................................433
Wi-Fi Authentication...................................................................................435
Extensible Authentication Protocol.............................................................437
Troubleshooting Wireless Security.............................................................440
Wireless Controllers...................................................................................442
Module 5 / Unit 4
Installing WAN Links 445
Wide Area Networks (WAN).......................................................................446
Telecommunications Networks ..................................................................448
Modern Telecommunications Networks .....................................................451
Local Loop Services...................................................................................453
Installing WAN Links ..................................................................................458
Wireless WAN Services .............................................................................462
Internet of Things.......................................................................................464
Module 5 / Unit 5
Configuring Remote Access 468
Remote Access Services (RAS) ................................................................469
MPLS and PPP..........................................................................................472
SIP Trunks................................................................................................. 474
Virtual Private Networks (VPN)..................................................................475
SSL / TLS / DTLS VPNs ............................................................................477
IPsec .........................................................................................................478
Internet Key Exchange / ISAKMP ..............................................................482
Remote Access Servers ............................................................................483
Remote Administration Tools.....................................................................485
Managing Network Appliances ..................................................................489
Remote File Access...................................................................................491
Module 5 / Summary
Operations and Infrastructure 495
Taking the Exam 497
Answers for Review Questions 508
Glossary 527
Index 547