MDMA (3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine) or 'Ecstasy' was scheduled as an illegal drug in 1986, but since then its recreational use has increased dramatically. This review covers 15 years of research into patterns of use, its acute psychological and physiological effects, and the long-term consequen
The neuropsychology of ecstasy (MDMA) use: a quantitative review
✍ Scribed by Konstantine K. Zakzanis; Zachariah Campbell; Diana Jovanovski
- Publisher
- John Wiley and Sons
- Year
- 2007
- Tongue
- English
- Weight
- 112 KB
- Volume
- 22
- Category
- Article
- ISSN
- 0885-6222
- DOI
- 10.1002/hup.873
No coin nor oath required. For personal study only.
✦ Synopsis
Abstract
A growing number of empirical studies have found varying neuropsychological impairments associated with use of 3,4‐methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) use. We set out to determine to what extent neuropsychological abilities are impaired in MDMA users. To do so, meta‐analytical methods were used to determine the magnitude of neuropsychological impairment in MDMA users across pre‐specified cognitive domains. We found that cognitive impairment secondary to recreational drug use may result in what might be described as small‐to‐medium effects across all cognitive domains with learning and memory being most impaired. We also found that total lifetime ingestion of MDMA appears to be negatively associated with performance on tasks ranging from attention and concentration to learning and memory. Implications and limitations of these findings are discussed. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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