The Nano-Micro Interface: Bridging the Micro and Nano Worlds

✍ Scribed by Hans-Jörg Fecht, Matthias Werner

• Publisher: Wiley-VCH
• Year: 2005
• Tongue: English
• Leaves: 354
• Edition: 1
• Category: Library

✦ Synopsis

Two exciting worlds of science and technology - the nano and micro dimensions. The former is a booming new field of research, the latter the established size range for electronics, and for mutual technological benefit and future commercialization, suitable junctions need to be found.Functional nanostructures such as DNA computers, sensors, neural interfaces, nanooptics or molecular electronics need to be wired to their 'bigger' surroundings. Coming from the opposite direction, microelectronics have experienced an unprecedented miniaturization drive in the last decade, pushing ever further down through the micro size scale towards submicron circuitry. Bringing these two worlds together is a new interdisciplinary challenge for scientists and engineers alike - recognized and substantially funded by the European Commission and other major project initiators worldwide.This book offers a wide range of information from technologies to materials and devices as well as from research to administrative know-how collected by the editors from renowned key members of the nano/micro community.

✦ Table of Contents

The Nano–Micro Interface......Page 4
Preface......Page 8
Contents......Page 12
List of Contributors......Page 22
I Nanotechnology Research Funding and Commercialization Prospects......Page 28
1 Introduction......Page 30
2 Government R&D Investments......Page 31
References......Page 36
1 Introduction......Page 38
1.1 Managerial Synthesis with Recommendations......Page 39
1.2.1 Nanotechnology Product......Page 40
1.2.7 Collective Learning Process......Page 41
1.3 Setting the Scene......Page 42
1.5 “Raison d’être” of Management Thinking and Strategic Planning for Nanotechnologies......Page 43
1.6 Problematic Nanotechnologies......Page 44
1.6.3 Exploitation......Page 45
2.1 Marketing Study Budget......Page 46
2.2 Collecting Information for Marketing Tools......Page 47
2.3.1 Components......Page 48
2.3.4 Value Analysis......Page 49
2.4 Commercial Analysis......Page 50
2.4.3 Analysis of Key Commercial Success Factors......Page 51
2.5.2 The Cost Comparison Study: Step 2......Page 52
2.6.1 Simulations on the Diagnostic Matrix......Page 53
3.2 Co-Developing with a Big Player......Page 54
3.2.2 Management Tools for Change......Page 55
3.3.1 Example......Page 57
3.5 Implementing the Strategy......Page 58
5 Appendix......Page 59
References......Page 60
1 Nanotechnology Funding in the Asia–Pacific Region......Page 62
2 Commercialization Efforts......Page 66
3 Private Investment in Nanotechnology......Page 67
4 Advantages of Collaborating with Asians......Page 68
5 Appendix......Page 69
2 Scope......Page 76
3 Proposition: In Current Technology Markets, Commercial Success of New Product Ideas Evolves from Cooperation......Page 78
4 Proposition: Innovations Get on a Fast Track to Market if Implemented in SME......Page 81
5 Proposition: Competencies of SME and Inventors are Complementary Rather than Competing......Page 82
References......Page 84
2 Motivation and Strategy: Shake up Unique People......Page 86
3 Research and Development of a New Idea......Page 87
5.1 Bio Nanotec Research Institute, Inc. (BNRI): Zeolite Membranes......Page 88
5.2 Carbon Nanotech Research Institute, Inc. (CNRI): Clean Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes......Page 89
5.3.1 R&D Projects at DNRI......Page 90
5.3.3 Photonic Crystal Waveguides for Controlling Chromatic Dispersion......Page 91
5.4 Ecology Nanotech Research Institute (ENRI): Metallofullerene......Page 93
6 Conclusions......Page 95
1 Introduction......Page 98
2 Why are we Seeing Advances Now?......Page 99
3 Conclusion......Page 102
II Fundamentals and Technology......Page 104
1 Introduction......Page 106
2 Nanocrystalline Materials......Page 107
3 Nano/Microsystem Technology......Page 108
4 Present Gap Between Nanomaterials and Nano/Microsystem Technology......Page 109
5 Bridging Dimensional and Microstructural Scaling Effects......Page 111
6 Conclusions......Page 114
References......Page 115
2 Motivation......Page 116
3 Bridging the Gap......Page 118
4.1 Structured Si Wafer......Page 121
4.2 Bump Measurements......Page 124
4.3 LED Housing......Page 126
4.4 Film Thickness Measurement......Page 127
4.5 Elastic Properties with AFAM......Page 129
References......Page 132
1 Introduction......Page 134
2 STM z–V Spectroscopy......Page 136
3.1 Alq(3) Thin Films on Au(111)......Page 140
3.2 CuPc Thin Films on Au(111)......Page 141
4 Concluding Remarks......Page 143
References......Page 144
1 Introduction......Page 146
2 Fabrication Technologies......Page 148
3.1 Amorphous Silicon Pin-Diodes......Page 151
3.2 Amorphous Silicon Thin Film Transistors......Page 157
3.3 Microfluidic Devices......Page 159
4 Conclusions......Page 162
References......Page 163
2 Nanotechnology in Catalysis......Page 166
3 Electronic Structure and Catalysis......Page 167
4 Geometric Structure and Catalysis......Page 168
5 Large Nano-Objects in Catalysis......Page 170
7 The Combicat Approach......Page 172
8 Conclusions......Page 175
References......Page 176
1 Introduction......Page 178
2 Biocompatibility......Page 179
References......Page 188
1 Introduction......Page 190
2.1 The Reactor for the Synthesis of Nanopowders......Page 191
2.3 Characterization of the Powders......Page 192
2.6 Sintering......Page 193
3.1.1 ZrO(2) and Zr(1–x)Pr(x)O(2) Powders......Page 194
3.1.2 ZnO Powders......Page 199
3.2.1 Luminescence of Zr(1–x)Pr(x)O(2)......Page 200
3.2.2 Cathodoluminescence of ZnO......Page 202
4 Conclusions......Page 204
References......Page 205
1 Introduction......Page 208
2 Experimental......Page 211
3 Results and Discussion......Page 212
4 Conclusions......Page 219
References......Page 220
1 Introduction......Page 222
2 Growth......Page 223
3 Positioning Nanowires......Page 226
3.1 Stability......Page 227
4.1 Interface Control and Insulator Material......Page 228
4.4 Device Physics......Page 229
4.6 Contacts......Page 232
References......Page 233
1 Introduction......Page 234
2 Experimental......Page 235
3 Results......Page 236
4 Discussion......Page 244
5 Conclusions......Page 248
References......Page 249
III Applications......Page 252
1 Objectives......Page 254
2 Current Status of Semiconductor Sensors......Page 255
3.2 Control of the Physical and Chemical Properties of Nanoparticles......Page 256
4.1 Characterization of Nanoparticles......Page 257
4.2 Surface Chemistry of Nanoparticles......Page 258
4.3 Rapid Screening of the Sensing Potential of the Nanoparticles......Page 259
4.4 First Optimization Stage of the Screen-Printing Process......Page 260
4.5 Second Optimization Stage of the Screen-Printing Process......Page 261
5 Outlook......Page 264
References......Page 265
2 Mictamict Alloys......Page 266
4 Properties of Ta–Si–N Films......Page 267
6 Surface Micromachining of Ta–Si–N Microbeams......Page 268
7 X-Ray Analysis of Ta–Si–N Films......Page 269
8 Ta–Si–N Thin Films as Diffusion Barriers for Cu Metallization......Page 271
References......Page 273
1.1 Properties of Diamond......Page 274
1.2 Synthesis of Diamond......Page 275
2 Commercial Applications: Cutting Tools and Micromechanical Diamond Parts......Page 278
2.1.1 Application......Page 279
2.1.2 Novel Process: the Diamaze Blade......Page 281
2.1.4 Future Aspects......Page 283
2.2.1 Application......Page 284
2.2.3 Production of Diamond Micromechanical Parts: Diamond-Toothed Wheels......Page 285
2.2.4 Diamond Microgear......Page 286
3 Summary......Page 288
References......Page 289
2 Aluminum Oxide: Template and Lithographic Tool......Page 290
3 Reflection of Light......Page 294
4.1 Plasma Coating......Page 296
4.2 Porous Ceramics......Page 297
4.3 Moth-Eye Structures......Page 298
4.3.1 LIGA Technology......Page 299
4.3.2 Nanoporous Alumina Tools (AlCoStruct)......Page 300
5 Surface Wetting......Page 303
6 Conclusions......Page 305
References......Page 306
1 Introduction......Page 308
3 Results and Discussion......Page 309
4 Conclusions......Page 313
References......Page 314
1 Introduction......Page 316
2.1 Direct Methanol Fuel Cells......Page 317
2.2 Lithium Ion Polymeric Batteries......Page 320
2.3 Electrophysiological Measurements......Page 322
3 Conclusions......Page 326
References......Page 327
1 Introduction......Page 330
2.1 Film Preparation......Page 331
2.3.1 Dependence on the Charging Field: Threshold Behavior......Page 333
2.3.2 Independence from the Charging Method......Page 334
2.3.4 Switching of Polarization......Page 335
2.3.6 Influence of the Ambient Gas During Charging......Page 336
3.1 Proposed Electromechanical and Electroacoustical Transducer Concepts......Page 337
3.2 Control Panels with Pushbuttons Made of Cellular PP Electrets......Page 338
3.3 Concept for Vibration Control......Page 339
3.4 Concept for Active Noise Control......Page 340
4 Conclusions......Page 342
References......Page 343
Subject Index......Page 346