The Media in Lebanon: Fragmentation and Conflict in the Middle East

✍ Scribed by Nabil Dajani

• Publisher: I.B. Tauris
• Year: 2019
• Tongue: English
• Leaves: 238
• Series: Library of Modern Middle East Studies
• Category: Library

✦ Synopsis

Lebanese society is famously, and even notoriously, fragmented, along both class and sectarian lines. Here, Nabil Dajani looks at how this societal division impacts on the nature of the mass media in Lebanon. Implementing the wider theory that the structure and content of mass media is unique to the society within which it operates, he looks at how Lebanese media have often helped to sustain the sectarian divisions within Lebanese society. Dealing with newspapers, radio and television as well as new and emerging forms of communication, such as the internet, social media websites and blogs, he examines how the media both reflect societal realties as well as the ways they influence social consciousness. Beginning with an analysis of the socio-political context of modern-day Lebanon, Dajani critically examines the historical and current realities of the media in this country.

✦ Table of Contents

Half Title
Series
Title
Copyright
Dedication
Contents
Illustration
Acknowledgments
Preface
1 Background
The Sociopolitical Picture
The Sectarian/Economic Delineation
A Heterogeneous State within a Volatile Region
The Media Scene
2 The Print Media: Unceasing Challenges
Historical Background
Arabic Printing Preceded Gutenberg Printing Press
Early Ottoman Period: Social Pamphleteering
Second Ottoman Period: Political/Nationalist Press
French Mandate Period: Spread of Corruption
Early Independence Period: Professional Confusion
The Golden Era: Rise of a Pan-Arab Lebanese Press
The Onset of Press Setbacks
Lebanese Press after the Civil War
Loss of Pan-Arab Character
Free from Government not from Sectarian/Business Bosses
Lack of Order and Professional Ethics
An Overview of Lebanese Newspapers
General Structure of Newspapers
Subservient not Watchdog Press
Prominent Lebanese Papers
Summing Up
3 Radio Broadcasting
Overview
Historical Background
Structure of Lebanese Radio
Civil War and Radio Broadcasting
Emergence of Illegal Radio Stations
The Division of Radio Lebanon
Illegal Stations Taking Root
Future of Lebanese Radio
4 Television
Historical Background
The Emergence of De Facto Stations
Television Legislation Becomes an Urgent Need
Development of Satellite Broadcasting
Societal Challenges
Conclusion
5 From Folk to Social Media
Lebanon’s Oral Culture
Folk Interaction Channels
Religious and Social Channels
Caricatures, Zajal and Theater
Social Media Reach in Lebanon
Social Media Landscape
Internet Space and Regulation Modes
Bloggers Breaking Barriers
Conclusion
6 Conclusion
Peculiar Environment
Professional Failure
Mistaken Impression of Freedom
Re-Feudalization of the Public Sphere
Freedom to Communicate
Lack of National Policies and Plans
Bibliography
Index
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