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The kinetics of nucleophilic substitution processes in the alkyl halides. Part B—analysis of experimental data

✍ Scribed by E. D. German; R. R. Dogonadze

Publisher
John Wiley and Sons
Year
1974
Tongue
English
Weight
579 KB
Volume
6
Category
Article
ISSN
0538-8066

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✦ Synopsis

Abstract

Nucleophilic substitution reactions in the alkyl halides, RX + Y^−^ → RY + X^−^, proceeding in polar media are considered on the basis of the theory presented in Part A. It is shown that the solvent reorganization energy is the main part of the activation energy for this processes. According to calculations performed, the values of the solvent reorganization energy equal ∼2.5–3 eV for H~2~O and ∼ 1.8–2.3 eV for acetone. From experimental data on the kinetic isotope effect, an estimate for the splitting of nonadiabatic terms and for the slope of the potential curve v′ of the intermolecular interaction between halide ion and methyl halide near transition configuration is made. Further, the parameter v′ is used for calculating the activation entropy of substitution reactions in the methyl halides. Theoretical activation energies and activation entropies agree with experimental values. In the framework of theory presented an interpretation of change of E~a~ and the preexponential factor with the type of alkyl halide is given.

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