The illustrated encyclopedia of body-mind disciplines

✍ Scribed by Allison Nancy

• Tongue: English
• Leaves: 480
• Category: Library

✦ Table of Contents

Cover Page
Title Page
ISBN 0823925463
About the Editor
Acknowledgments
Contributors
Acupressure, Process Acupressure
Acupuncture
Art Therapy
Aikido
Aston-Patterning
Alexander Technique Authentic Movement
Ayurvedic Medicine Bioenergetics
Bartenieff Fundamentals
Biofeedback
Behavioral Vision Therapy Body-Mind Centering
Bodynamics Analysis Chiropractic
Bowen Technique
Connective Tissue Therapy
Brain Gym
Contact Improvisation
Core Energetics
coreSomatics
CranioSacral Therapy
Dance Therapy
CORE Structural Integrative Therapy
Do-In
Enneagram
Drama Therapy
Eurythmy
Emotional-Kinesthetic Psychotherapy
Eye Movement Desensitization and
Reprocessing
Hakomi Integrative Somatics
Feldenkrais Method
Feng Shui
Halprin Life Art Process
Flower Remedies
Hanna Somatic Education
Focusing
Herbal Medicine
Holistic Health Hydrotherapy
Hypnotherapy
Homeopathy, Osteopathy
Ideokenesis
Holotropic Breathwork
Infant Massage Therapy
Iyengar Yoga
Integral Yoga
Jin Shin Do
Bodymind Acupressure
Jin Shin Jyutsu
Physio-Philosophy
Interactive Guided Imagery
Journal Therapy
Ju Jutsu, Karate
Kinetic Awareness
Kendo
Kestenberg Movement Profile
Magnet Therapy
Kung-Fu Wu Su
Laban Movement Analysis
Martial Arts
Light Therapy
Massage
Meditation
Meir Schneider Self-Healing Method Medical Orgone Therapy
Movement Pattern Analysis
Multi-Modal Expressive Arts Therapy
Myofascial Trigger Point Therapy
Muscular Therapy
Naturopathic Medicine
Network Chiropractic
Music Therapy
Organismic Psychotherapy
Pilates Method of Body Conditioning
Orthomolecular Medicine
Poetry Therapy
Pesso Boyden System Psychomotor Polarity Therapy
Process Oriented Psychology
Psychodrama
Psychoneuroimmunology
Radix
Rebirthing
Psychosynthesis
Reflexology
Qigong
Reiki
ROM Dance
Relaxation Response Technique
Rosen Method
Rubenfeld Synergy Method
Rolfing
Sandplay Therapy
Sensory Awareness
Shamanism
Soma Neuromuscular Integration
SHEN
Somato-Respiratory Integration
Shiatsu Massage, Therapeutic Touch
Sounding
Skinner Release Technique
Spatial Dynamics
Tomatis Method
Swedish Massage
Tae-Kwon-Do Traditional Chinese Medicine
T’ai Chi Ch’üan
Trager Psychophysical Integration
Unergi
Transcendental Meditation
Wellness
Tui Na
Yoga
Zero Balancing
Staff Credits
Table of Contents (with page links)
Introduction
I. Alternative Health Models
II. Skeletal Manipulation Methods
III. Nutritional and Dietary Practices
IV. Mind/Body Medicine
V. Sensory Therapies
VI. Subtle Energy Practices
VII. Massage
VIII. Acupuncture and Asian Bodywork
IX. Movement Therapy Methods
X. Somatic Practices
XI. Martial Arts
XII. Yoga
XIII. Meditation
XIV. Psycho-Physical Evaluation Frameworks
XV. Expressive and Creative Arts Therapies
XVI. Body-Oriented Psychotherapies
Introduction
PART I: ALTERNATIVE HEALTH MODELS
A Historical Survey of Health Models
Some Theoretical Considerations
What It Might Mean to Adopt One of These Models
AYURVEDIC MEDICINE
The History of Ayurvedic Medicine
A Balanced Life
Philosophy of Ayurveda
Benefts and Risks
Typical Ayurveda
HOLISTIC HEALTH
How Holistic Health Developed
The Basic Principles of Holistic Health
How Holistic Health Is Practiced
The Benefts of Holistic Health
HOMEOPATHY
History of Homeopathy
Eight Fundamentals
Practicing Homeopathy
Benefts of Homeopathy
NATUROPATHIC MEDICINE
The Origins of Naturopathic Medicine
A Visit to a Naturopathic
Practitioner
The Five Principles of Naturopathic
Medicine
Benefts of Naturopathic Medicine
SHAMANISM
The Early Shamans
The Unseen World
Shamanism in Today’s World
Benefts of Shamanism
TRADITIONAL CHINESE MEDICINE
The History of TCM
Guiding Principles
Traditional Chinese Herbal Medicine
Four Examinations
Benefts and Risks
WELLNESS
History of the Wellness Approach
The Basic Principles of Wellness
How Wellness Works
The Benefts of a Wellness Approach to Health
PART II: SKELETAL MANIPULATION METHODS
The Development of Skeletal Manipulation for Health
Using the Body’s Inborn Healing Potential
Experiencing Skeletal Manipulation
Providing Relief for Millions of People Each Year
CHIROPRACTIC
A Long History
Finding the True Cause
The Benefts of Chiropractic
Experiencing Chiropractic
CRANIOSACRAL THERAPY
Origins of CranioSacral Therapy
Insights Through Touch
Practicing CranioSacral Therapy
Benefts of CranioSacral Therapy
NETWORK CHIROPRACTIC
Establishing a Network
The Practice of Network Chiropractic
Enhancing Communication
Benefts and Risks
OSTEOPATHY
A Rejection of Conventional Medicine
Holistic Approach to the Body
Experiencing Osteopathy
ZERO BALANCING
The Basic Principles of ZB
The History of Zero Balancing
ZB in Practice
Why Practice ZB?
PART III: NUTRITIONAL AND DIETARY PRACTICES
The Development of Nutritional and Dietary Practices
Eating to Maintain the Body’s Natural Chemical Balance
Nutritional and Dietary Methods in Practice
Learning About Your Body
HERBAL MEDICINE
Herbal Medicine Throughout the Ages
A Description of Herbal Medicines
How Herbal Remedies Are Used
Enduring Popularity of Herbal Medicine
ORTHOMOLECULAR MEDICINE
History of Orthomolecular Medicine
The Basic Principles of Orthomolecular Medicine
How Orthomolecular Physicians Can Help
Benefts and Risks
PART IV: MIND/BODY MEDICINE
Mind/Body Medicine—Ancient and Modern
The Development of Mind/Body Medicine in the West
Some Basic Mind/Body Medicine Beliefs
The Future of Mind/Body Medicine
BIOFEEDBACK TRAINING
The History of Biofeedback Training
The Theory of Biofeedback Training
Biofeedback Training in Practice
Benefts of Biofeedback Training
GUIDED IMAGERY
The Development of Guided Imagery for Healing
The Theory of Guided Imagery
Guided Imagery in Practice
The Benefts of Guided Imagery
HYPNOTHERAPY
Founders of Hypnotherapy
What Is a Hypnotic Trance and Hypnosis?
Using Hypnosis for Therapy
Precautions
Benefits of Hypnotherapy
INTERACTIVE GUIDED IMAGERY
PSYCHONEUROIMMUNOLOGY
PNI Research
The Benefts of Positive Thinking
Applications of PNI Research
PART V: SENSORY THERAPIES
Sensory Therapy: Practices Ancient and Modern
Sensory Therapies in Western Medical Practice
Pharmaceuticals Overshadow Sensory Therapies
A Revival for Sensory Therapies
Western Science’s Theories on Sensory Therapies
AROMATHERAPY
A Long History
The Power of Fragrance
Using Aromatherapy
An Effective Treatment
BATES METHOD
A Controversial Treatment
Reeducating the Eye
A Flexible and Demanding Treatment
BEHAVIORAL VISION THERAPY
Benefts and Risks
The History of Behavioral Vision Therapy
The "Eye Gym": Experiencing
Behavioral Vision Therapy
A Humanistic Approach to Vision
Conditions Helped by Behavioral Vision Therapy
EYE MOVEMENT DESENSITIZATION AND REPROCESSING
A History of EMDR
Risks and Benefts
Following the Baton
Thirty-Eight Remedies
FLOWER REMEDIES
Nature’s Remedies
Using Flower Remedies
The Benefts of Flower Remedies
HYDROTHERAPY
The Ancient and Modern History of Hydrotherapy
The Theory Behind Hydrotherapy
Making Use of the Different Properties of Water
The Benefts and Contraindications of Hydrotherapy
LIGHT THERAPY
The History of Light Therapy
Types of Light Therapy
The Effects of Light on the Body
Cautions
SOUNDING
What is Sounding?
Discovering the Power of the Voice
Sounding: A Complementary Therapy
Everyone Can Beneft from Sounding
TOMATIS METHOD
The Development of the Tomatis Method
The Philosophy of the Tomatis Method
Experiencing the Tomatis Method
The Benefts of the Tomatis Method
PART VI: SUBTLE ENERGY PRACTICES
Subtle Energy Is Known by Many Names
How Practitioners Locate and Alleviate Blockages
Subtle Energy and Western Science
DO-IN
The Return to Ancient Habits
The Theory of Do-In
Experiencing Do-In
Benefts of Do-In
FENG SHUI
The History of Feng Shui
Principles of Feng Shui
The Ba-Gua and Feng Shui Cures
Practicing Feng Shui
Benefts
MAGNET THERAPY
The Development of Magnetic Therapy
The Philosophy of Magnet Therapy
Benefts of Magnetic Field Therapy
Magnet Therapy in Practice
POLARITY THERAPY
The History of Polarity Therapy
The Theory of Polarity Therapy
Experiencing Polarity Therapy
The Benefts of Polarity Therapy
Chinese Energy Medicine
The History of Qigong
QIGONG
Applications and Styles of Qigong
The Qigong Posture
The Qigong Prescription
REIKI
The Rediscovery of Reiki
The Philosophy and Methods of Reiki
Experiencing Reiki
The Benefts of Reiki
SHEN
How SHEN Developed
Typical Session of SHEN
How SHEN Works
Benefts of SHEN
THERAPEUTIC TOUCH
Finding the Common Denominator
Clearing Areas of Imbalances
Centering
A Safe Practice
PART VII: MASSAGE
How Massage Therapy Developed
Basic Systems of Massage
The Power of Touch
Benefits and Risks
BOWEN TECHNIQUE
CONNECTIVE TISSUE THERAPY
Discovering Bindegewebsmassage
The Theory of Connective Tissue Therapy
Experiencing Connective Tissue Therapy
The Benefts of Connective Tissue Therapy
CORE STRUCTURAL INTEGRATIVE THERAPY
INFANT MASSAGE
The History of Infant Massage
How Infant Massage Works
Research on the Positive Effects of
Infant Massage
Practicing Infant Massage
Infant Massage Classes
The Benefts of Infant Massage
MUSCULAR THERAPY
How Myofascial Release Developed
MYOFASCIAL RELEASE
Experiencing Myofascial Release
The Theory of Myofascial Release
The Benefts of Myofascial Release
MYOFASCIAL TRIGGER POINT THERAPY
Defning Myofascial Trigger Point Therapy
The History of MTPT
The Benefts and Risks
Description of a MTPT Session
REFLEXOLOGY
Basic Principles of Refexology
History of Refexology Refexology in Practice
Benefts and Risks
ROLFING
The Development of Rolfng
Basic Principles of Rolfng
Rolfng in Practice
Benefts and Risks of Rolfng
ROSEN METHOD
Two Discoveries
The Importance of Self-Awareness
The Power of Touch
Benefts and Risks
THE ST. JOHN METHOD OF NEUROMUSCULAR THERAPY
Relieving Pain
Homeostasis
The St. John Method in Practice
Many Benefts
SWEDISH MASSAGE
How Swedish Massage Developed
Basic Techniques of Swedish Massage
Benefts and Cautions
How Swedish Massage Is Practiced
PART VIII: ACUPUNCTURE AND ASIAN BODYWORK
Different Approaches to Manipulating Chi
A Multitude of Benefits
ACUPRESSURE
Other Forms of Bodywork Based on the Acupressure Model
How the Ancient Art of Acupressure Developed
The Importance of Open
Communication
Meridians and Acupoints
A Powerful Tool
ACUPUNCTURE
Origins and Development of Acupuncture
The Philosophy of Acupuncture
Experiencing an Acupuncture Session
Benefts
Theories from the Western Perspective
JIN SHIN DO BODYMIND ACUPRESSURE
The Recent Development of Jin Shin Do
A Synthesis of Techniques
Achieving Relaxation
The Way of the Compassionate Spirit
JIN SHIN JYUTSU PHYSIOPHILOSOPHY
An Ancient Discipline
Safety-Energy Locks
PROCESS ACUPRESSURE
Achieving Harmony
SHIATSU
Shiatsu: A Practice with Ancient Roots
Experiencing Shiatsu Massage
Balancing and Fortifying Life Energy
Benefts for the Body and Mind
When to Avoid Shiatsu
TUI NA
How Tui Na Works
Experiencing Tui Na
Benefts and Risks
PART IX: MOVEMENT THERAPY ETHODS
Pioneers in Movement Therapy
Unifying Principles of Movement Therapy
ALEXANDER TECHNIQUE
The History of the Alexander Technique
The Theory of the Alexander Technique
The Alexander Technique in Practice
The Benefts of the Alexander Technique
ASTON-PATTERNING
What Happens in an Aston-Patterning Session?
The Theory of Aston-Patterning
How Aston-Patterning Developed
The Benefts of Aston-Patterning
BARTENIEFF FUNDAMENTALS
The History of Bartenieff Fundamentals
The Theory of Bartenieff Fundamentals
Experiencing Bartenieff Fundamentals
Benefts
BODY-MIND CENTERING
The Founding of Body-Mind Centering
Integration of Mind and Body
A Class in Body-Mind Centering
The Benefts of Body-Mind Centering
FELDENKRAIS METHOD
Origins and Development of the Feldenkrais Method
The Process of Movement
The Two Modalities of the Feldenkrais Method
Benefts of the Feldenkrais Method
HANNA SOMATIC EDUCATION
The History of Hanna Somatic Education
The Basic Principles of Hanna Somatic Education
Benefts and Cautions
How to Practice Hanna Somatics
HELLERWORK
History of Hellerwork
The Principles of Hellerwork
Hellerwork in Practice
The Benefts and Risks of Hellerwork
IDEOKINESIS
The History of Ideokinesis
The Theory of Ideokinesis
Experiencing Ideokinesis
The Benefts of Ideokinesis
KINETIC AWARENESS
How Kinetic Awareness Developed
Practicing Kinetic Awareness Rubber Balls and Kinetic Awareness
Benefts of Kinetic Awareness
MEIR SCHNEIDER SELF-HEALING METHOD
How Self-Healing Developed
Philosophy of Self-Healing
Self-Healing Therapy
Benefts of Self-Healing
SENSORY AWARENESS
The Development of Sensory Awareness
Typical Session of Sensory Awareness
Benefts of Sensory Awareness
SOMA NEUROMUSCULAR INTEGRATION
Importance of Body and Mind
The Three-Brain Model
Ten Sessions
Results
SOMATO RESPIRATORY INTEGRATION
TRAGER PSYCHOPHYSICAL INTEGRATION
History of the Trager Approach
The Principles of the Trager Approach
A Typical Session
Benefts and Cautions
PART X: SOMATIC PRACTICES
History
Theories of Somatic Practices
Experiencing a Somatic Practice
BRAIN GYM
Whole Brain Learning
Coping with Challenging Situations
Brain Gym Exercises
Benefts of Brain Gym
CONTACT IMPROVISATION
The Development of Contact Improvisation
The Principles of Contact Improvisation
Experiencing Contact Improvisation
The Risks and Benefts of Contact Improvisation
CONTINUUM
Origins of Continuum
Theory of Continuum
The Experience and Health Benefts of Continuum
EURYTHMY
The Origin of Eurythmy
Language and Music as a Basis for Movement
The Philosophy of Eurythmy
Eurythmy in Practice
Benefts of Eurythmy
GURDJIEFF MOVEMENTS
George Ivanovitch Gurdjieff
The Movements
A New Potential
PILATES METHOD OF BODY CONDITIONING
The History of the Pilates Method of Body Conditioning
Control, Centering, Precision, Flowing Movement
Development
The Pilates Studio and Classes
Benefts of The Pilates Method
ROM DANCE
The History of ROM Dance
The Principles of ROM Dance
ROM Dance in Practice
The Benefts and Risks of the ROM Dance Program
SKINNER RELEASING TECHNIQUE
The Development of the Skinner Releasing Technique
SRT in Practice
How SRT Works
Benefts of SRT
SPATIAL DYNAMICS
How Spatial Dynamics Developed
Philosophy of Spatial Dynamics
Practicing Spatial Dynamics
Benefts of Spatial Dynamics
T’AI CHI CH’ÜAN
A Long History
Connected and Flowing Exercise
A Lifelong Practice
Reasons to Practice T’ai Chi Ch’üan
PART XI: MARTIAL ARTS
Three Theories
The Basic Principles of Martial Arts
Learning Martial Arts
Benefts and Risks of Martial Arts
AIKIDO
History of Aikido
Concepts and Principles
Aikido Practice
An Ideal Martial Art
CAPOEIRA
African Origins
Six Principles of Capoeira
Performance
Why Practice Capoeira?
JU JUTSU
The History of Ju Jutsu
Modern Ju Jutsu
Ju Jutsu Training
The Nature of Ju Jutsu
JUDO
Origins of Judo
The Fundamental Principles of Judo
Learning Judo
Benefts of Judo
KARATE
Okinawa, the Birthplace of Karate
The Styles
The Nature of Karate
Karate Training: Sport, Physical Exercise, Self-Defense, and a Way of Life
KENDO
History of Kendo
The Basic Principles of Kendo
Typical Session of Kendo
Benefts of Practicing Kendo
KUNG FU WU SU
History of Kung Fu Wu Su
The Varied Styles of Kung Fu
The Instruction of Kung Fu Wu Su
Benefts of Kung Fu
TAEKWONDO
History of Taekwondo
The Basic Principles of Taekwondo
Taekwondo Class
Benefts of Practicing Taekwondo
PART XII: YOGA
The History of Yoga
The Spiritual Goal of Yoga
The Nine Systems of Yoga
The Yoga Experience in the West
Benefts
INTEGRAL YOGA
Guiding Principles of Integral Yoga
The Development of Integral Yoga
IYENGAR YOGA
The History of Iyengar Yoga
Unique Aspects of Iyengar Yoga
A Summary of B. K. S. Iyengar’s Approach to Yoga
KRIPALU YOGA
PART XIII: MEDITATION
The History of Meditation in the West
Asian Meditative Techniques Are Formally Introduced to the West
Understanding the Forms of Meditation Practiced in the West
A Few Aspects of Meditation
Potential Benefts of Meditation
RELAXATION RESPONSE
The Development of the Relaxation Technique
The Relaxation Response
How to Elicit the Relaxation Response
Benefts of the Relaxation Response
TRANSCENDENTAL MEDITATION
The Life of Maharishi Mahesh Yogi
Principles of Transcendental Meditation
Experiencing Transcendental Meditation
Benefts of Transcendental Meditation
PART XIV: PSYCHO-PHYSICAL EVALUATION FRAMEWORKS
What These Frameworks Have in Common
Using the Frameworks to Help You
ENNEAGRAM
Nine-Pointed Star
What Is Type?
Finding Your Type
Benefts and Inherent Risks
KESTENBERG MOVEMENT PROFILE
The Sands Point Movement Study Group
The Kestenberg Movement Profle and Personality Types
Applications of the KMP
LABAN MOVEMENT ANALYSIS
The History of Laban Movement Analysis
The Ingredients of Movement
LMA in Practice
MOVEMENT PATTERN ANALYSIS
The History of Movement Pattern Analysis
The Theory of Movement Pattern Analysis
Experiencing Movement Pattern Analysis
The Benefts of Movement Pattern Analysis
PART XV: EXPRESSIVE AND CREATIVE ARTS THERAPIES
Learning Life Skills Through the Arts
The Changing Role of the Arts
The Process of Creation as Exercise for the Brain
Creating Art to Improve Social and Emotional Skills
Reflecting on the Work
Experiencing Expressive Arts Therapies and Creative Arts Practices
A Method with Physical, Mental, and Emotional Benefits
ART THERAPY
The Origins of Art Therapy
How It Works
Who Benefts from Art Therapy
Art as Therapy
AUTHENTIC MOVEMENT
A Different Approach to Movement
Core Elements of Authentic Movement
Experiencing Authentic Movement
Benefts
DANCE THERAPY
Dance: An Ancient Form of Self-Expression
Dance Therapy Evolves
Communication Through Movement
The Guiding Principles of Dance Therapy
Experiencing Dance Therapy
Benefts and Risks
DRAMA THERAPY
The Origins of Drama Therapy
How Drama Therapy Helps People
Drama Therapy Techniques
Who Uses Drama Therapy?
Choosing a Drama Therapist
HALPRIN LIFE/ART PROCESS
JOURNAL THERAPY
The Development of Journal Writing for Well-Being
The Philosophy of Journal Therapy
Journal Therapy in Practice
Benefts of Journal Therapy
MULTI-MODAL EXPRESSIVE ARTS THERAPY
ARTS THERAPY
The History of Multi-Modal Expressive Arts Therapy
The Theory of Multi-Modal Expressive Arts Therapy
Experiencing Multi-Modal Expressive Arts Therapy
The Benefts of Multi-Modal Expressive Arts Therapy
MUSIC THERAPY
Connecting the Basic Elements of Music’s Therapeutic Nature
Music to Human Development
The Development of Music Therapy as a Profession
The Principles of Music Therapy
Some Techniques of Music Therapy
The Benefts of Music Therapy
POETRY THERAPY
Poetry: An Ancient Form of Therapy
Human Experience Captured in Symbols and Images
The Techniques of Poetry Therapy
Limitations of Poetry Therapy
Advantages
SANDPLAY THERAPY
The History of Sandplay Therapy
A System of Representation
Making Pictures
The Benefts and Risks of Sandplay Therapy
PART XVI: BODY-ORIENTED PSYCHOTHERAPIES
The Development of Body-Oriented Psychotherapy
Theories and Practices of Body-Oriented Psychotherapies
Some Benefits and Limitations of Body-Oriented Psychotherapies
BIOENERGETICS
Origins of Bioenergetics
Breaking Down Body Armor
Grounding Exercises
A Long-Term Therapy
BODYNAMIC ANALYSIS
The Development of Bodynamic Analysis
Theory of Bodynamic Analysis
What a Typical Session Is Like
Benefts and Risks
CORE ENERGETICS
The History of Core Energetics
The Theory of Core Energetics
Experiencing Core Energetics
The Benefts of Core Energetics
CORESOMATICS
EMOTIONAL-KINESTHETIC PSYCHOTHERAPY
FOCUSING
The Development of Focusing
The Basic Theory of Focusing
How to Practice Focusing
Benefts of Focusing
GESTALT THERAPY
The History of Gestalt Therapy
Gestalt Theory
A Gestalt Therapy Session
Benefts
HAKOMI INTEGRATIVE SOMATICS
The History of Hakomi
Increasing Self-Awareness
Achieving Mindfulness
HOLOTROPIC BREATHWORK
Integrating the Body and Mind
The History of Holotropic Breathwork
A Transpersonal Theory of the Mind
Experiencing Holotropic Breathwork
Benefts and Risks of Holotropic Breathwork
MEDICAL ORGONE THERAPY
The History of Medical Orgone Therapy
The Theory of Medical Orgone Therapy
Medical Orgone Therapy in Practice
The Benefits of Medical Orgone Therapy
ORGANISMIC BODY PSYCHOTHERAPY
The Development of Organismic Body Psychotherapy
A Body-Mind Discipline
Mobilization Exercises
Feeling Connected
PESSO BOYDEN SYSTEM PSYCHOMOTOR
An Innovative Movement Program
Recognizing Your Feelings
Structures
The Benefts of Emotional Maturation
PROCESS ORIENTED PSYCHOLOGY
PSYCHODRAMA
Psychodrama’s Beginnings
The Theory of Psychodrama
How Does Psychodrama Work?
The Benefts and Limitations of Psychodrama
PSYCHOSYNTHESIS
The Foundations of Psychosynthesis
What Is the Higher Self?
Psychosynthesis Therapy
Benefts of Psychosynthesis
RADIX
REBIRTHING
The Phenomenon of Rebirthing
The Importance of Breathing
Rebirthing in Practice
A Greater Quality of Life
RUBENFELD SYNERGY METHOD
Rubenfeld’s Vision
The Many Techniques of the Method
Rubenfeld Synergy Sessions
Positive Aspects of Rubenfeld Synergy Sessions
UNERGI
Index (with page links)
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
N
O
P
Q
R
S
T
U
V
W
X,Y
Z