A Scheff6c4) post hoc contrast was constructed and yielded a critical interval of 10.9. On this basis, only the difference between Group I and Group I11 (15.2) was significant.
A product-moment correlation was computed between NOSIE-30 TOT scores and pretest name recall.
The resulting r = .39 ( p < .02) was statistically significant. The correlation between posttest data was r = .50 ( p < .01). Thus, a low positive relationship between patients' recall of names and their overall ward behavior mas demonstrated.
Relationship Between N a m e Recall and W a r d Behavior.
SUMMARY
This study evaluated the use of operant conditioning to strengthen the efforts of chronic schizophrenics to become aware of people in their ward milieu. Three ward groups of male Ss, not significantly different on age, education, or months of hospitalization, were assigned randomly to one of three experimental conditions : I, Control; 11, Praise Reinforcement; 111, Praise and Money Reinforcement.
Over a 10-week period, Groups I1 and I11 had weekly picture-identification sessions in which their efforts to identify photographs of people on the ward were reinforced. Tests of name recall and the NOSIE-30 were administered before and after the experiment. Results showed that Praise and Money reinforcement alone effectively increased interpersonal awareness which, in turn, was associated with improved ward behavior.