The Early Republic and Antebellum America: An Encyclopedia of Social, Political, Cultural, and Economic History

✍ Scribed by Christopher G. Bates

• Publisher: Routledge
• Year: 2010
• Tongue: English
• Leaves: 1453
• Edition: 1
• Category: Library

✦ Table of Contents

Cover
Half Title
Title
Copyright
Contents
List of Sidebars
Topic Finder
Contributors
Introduction
Maps
Essays
Politics and Political Culture
Economy and Economic Policy
Foreign Affairs
The Road to Civil War
A–Z Entries
A
Abolitionist and Antislavery Movements
Adams, Abigail
Adams, John
Adams, John Quincy
Adams-Oní Treaty (1819)
African Colonization
African Methodist Episcopal Church
African Methodist Episcopal Zion Church
Aging and the Elderly
Agriculture
Alamo, Battle of the
Alcohol and Temperance
Alien and Sedition Acts (1798)
Amistad Incident
Anthony, Susan B.
Anti-Federalists
Anti-Masonic Party
Architecture
Army, U.S.
Army Corps of Engineers, U.S.
Aroostook War
Art, Fine.
Art, Folk.
Asbury, Francis
Ashley, William Henry
Astor, John Jacob
Astor Place Riot
Atchison, David Rice
Atlanta, Georgia
Audubon, John James
Austin, Stephen F.
B
Baltimore, Maryland
Bancroft, George
Bank of the United States
Bankruptcy and Insolvency
Banks and Banking
Banneker, Benjamin
Baptists
Barbary Wars
Barnum, P.T.
Beecher, Catharine
Beecher, Henry Ward
Bennett, James Gordon
Benton, Thomas Hart
Bible
Bill of Rights
Birney, James Gillespie
Birth and Childbearing
Black Hawk War
Blackwell, Elizabeth
Bleeding Kansas
Boone, Daniel
Booth, Edwin
Boston, Massachusetts
Breckinridge, John C.
British Americans
Brook Farm
Brown, Charles Brockden
Brown, John
Bryant, William Cullen
Buchanan, James
Buffalo, New York
Bulfinch, Charles
Buntline, Ned
Burns, Anthony
Burr, Aaron
C
Cabinet, Presidential
Calhoun, John C.
California
Canada, Relations with
Canals
Caroline Affair
Carson, Kit
Cass, Lewis
Catholicism
Channing, William Ellery
Charity and Philanthropy
Charles River Bridge v. Warren Bridge (1837)
Charleston, South Carolina
Chase (Samuel), Impeachment of
Cherokee Nation v. Georgia (1831)
Chicago, Illinois
Children and Child Rearing
China, Relations with
Chinese Americans
Chisholm v. Georgia (1793)
Christiana Riot
Cincinnati, Ohio
Cities and Urban Life
Clay, Henry
Clayton-Bulwer Treaty (1850)
Clinton, George
Clocks and Clock Manufacturing
Clothing and Fashion
Coal
Cole, Thomas
Colt, Samuel
Columbia University
Compromise of 1850
Congregationalists
Congress, U.S.
Constitution, U.S.
Constitutions, State
Convention of 1818
Cooper, James Fenimore
Corn
Corporations
Cotton
Creoles
Crimean War, Impact of
Crittenden Compromise (1860)
Crockett, Davy
Cuba, Relations with
D
Dance and Dancing
Dartmouth College v. Woodward (1819)
Davis, Jefferson
Death and Dying
Decatur, Stephen
Deere, John
Delany, Martin R.
Democratic Party
Democratic-Republican Party
Disciples of Christ
Dix, Dorothea
Donner Party
Dorr Rebellion
Douglas, Stephen A.
Douglass, Frederick
Dred Scott v. Sandford (1857)
Dueling
Dwight, Timothy
E
Eaton, Peggy
Education and Schools
Election of 1796
Election of 1800
Election of 1824
Election of 1828
Election of 1840
Election of 1860
Elliott, Jesse Duncan
Embargo Act (1807)
Emerson, Ralph Waldo
Entrepreneurs
Environment and Nature, Views of
Epidemics
Episcopalians
Erie Canal
Everett, Edward
F
Federalist Party
Female Reform Movement
Filibustering
Fillmore, Millard
Finney, Charles Grandison
Fishing
Fletcher v. Peck (1810)
Food and Diet
Forrest, Edwin
Fort Sumter, Attack on
Forty-Eighters
Foster, Stephen
Fourierism
France, Relations with
Franklin Institute
Fraternal Societies
Free Blacks, Business and Economy
Free Blacks, Life and Culture
Free Soil Movement and Party
Freemasonry
Freeport Doctrine
Frémont, John C.
French Americans
French Revolution, Impact of
Freneau, Philip
Fries's Rebellion
Fugitive Slave Laws (1793 and 1850)
Fuller, Margaret
Fulton, Robert
Fur Trade
Furniture and Furnishings
G
Gabriel's Rebellion
Gadsden Purchase (1853)
Gag Rule
Gallatin, Albert
Gambling
Games and Toys
Garrison, William Lloyd
Gender Roles
Genet Affair
German Americans
Gibbons v. Ogden (1824)
Gottschalk, Louis Moreau
Graham, Sylvester
Great Britain, Relations with
Great Lakes
Great Migration
Great Plains
Greeley, Horace
Greenough, Horatio
Grimké, Sarah, and Angelina Grimké
Guns and Weapons
H
Haitian Revolution, Impact of
Hale, John Parker
Hamilton, Alexander
Harpers Ferry Raid
Harrison, William Henry
Hartford Convention
Harvard University
Hawthorne, Nathaniel
Hemp
Hewlett, James
Holidays and Observances
Horses
Houston, Sam
Howe, Elias
Howe, Samuel Gridley
Hunting
I
Immigration and Immigrants
Industrialization
Irish Americans
Iron and Steel
Irving, Washington
J
Jackson, Andrew
Japan, Relations with
Jay, John
Jay Treaty (1794)
Jefferson, Thomas
Jews
Johnson, Richard Mentor
Johnson v. M'lntosh (1823)
Judiciary Act (1789)
K
Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854)
Kearny, Stephen W.
L
Labor and Unions
Lafayette's Tour
Laffite, Jean
Lamy, Jean-Baptiste
Larkin, Thomas O.
Latin America, Relations with
Latrobe, Benjamin
Law, Business and Labor
Law, Criminal
Law, Property and Contract
Law Enforcement
Lewis and Clark Expedition
Lexington, Kentucky
Liberty Party
Libraries
Library of Congress
Lincoln, Abraham
Lincoln-Douglas Debates
Lind, Jenny
Literature
Livestock, Dairy Farming, and Ranching
Longfellow, Henry Wadsworth
Los Angeles, California
Louisiana Purchase (1803)
Lovejoy, Elijah P.
Lowell, James Russell
Lowell System
Lyceums
M
Macready, William Charles
Madison, Dolley
Madison, James
Manifest Destiny
Mann, Horace
Marbury v. Madison (1803)
Marine Corps, U.S.
Market Revolution
Marriage and Divorce
Marshall, John
Martin v. Hunter's Lessee (1816)
Massachusetts Commonwealth v. Hunt (1842)
Maury, Matthew Fontaine
McCormick, Cyrus
McCulloch v. Maryland (1819)
Medicine and Health
Melville, Herman
Mental Illness
Merchants
Methodists
Mexican-American War
Mexican Americans
Mexico, Relations with
Mid-Atlantic
Midwest
Military Academy, U.S.
Military and Naval Technology
Millennialism and Adventism
Mining
Minstrelsy
Missionaries and Missionary Work
Missions of California
Mississippi River
Missouri Compromise (1820)
Money and Currency
Monroe, James
Monroe Doctrine
Mormons
Morse, Samuel F.B.
Morton, William T.G.
Mott, Lucretia
Mount Holyoke College
Music, Classical
Music, Folk and Popular
Music, Sacred
N
Napoleonic Wars, Impact of
National Debt
National Road
Nationalism
Native American—African American Relations
Native American—U.S. Government Relations
Native Americans, California
Native Americans, Great Plains
Native Americans, Mid-Atlantic
Native Americans, Midwest
Native Americans, New England
Native Americans, Pacific Northwest
Native Americans, South
Native Americans, Southwest
Nativism and the Know-Nothine Party
Naturalization Acts (1790s)
Naval Academy, U.S.
Navv. U.S.
Neutrality Act (1794)
New England
New Orleans, Louisiana
New York City, New York
Newport, Rhode Island
Newspapers and Periodicals
Northwest Territory
Notre Dame, University of
Nullification Crisis
O
Oberlin College
Ohio River
Oneida Commune
Oregon Trail
Osceola
Ostend Manifesto (1854)
O'Sullivan, John L.
Owen, Robert
P
Pacific Northwest
Paine, Thomas
Panic of 1819
Panic of 1837
Panic of 1857
Parker, Theodore
Peale, Charles Willson
Peddlers
Perry, Matthew C.
Perry, Oliver Hazard
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Phillips, Wendell
Photography
Pierce, Franklin
Pike, Zebulon M
Pinckney, Charles Cotesworth
Pinckney's Treaty (1795)
Pinkerton, Allan
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
Planters and Plantations
Poe, Edgar Allan
Poetry
Polk, James K.
Pony Express
Popular Culture
Population and Demographics
Postal Service, U.S.
Presbyterians
Presidency
Prigg v. Pennsylvania (1842)
Princeton University
Printing and Publishing
Prisons and Penitentiaries
Prostitution
Purvis, Robert
Q
Quakers
R
Railroads
Randolph. John
Religion, African American
Religion, Native American
Republican Party
Rice
Richmond, Virginia
Ripley, George
Roads and Turnpikes
Rocky Mountains
Roebling, John A.
Ross, John
Rush-Bagot Agreement (1817)
S
Sabbatarianism and the Sabbath
Sacagawea
San Francisco, California
Santa Fe Trail
Science and Technology
Scots-Irish Immigrants
Scott, Winfield
Secession
Second Great Awakening
Seneca Falls Convention (1848)
Sequoyah
Seton, Elizabeth Ann
Seward, William H.
Sex and Sexuality
Shakers
Shipbuilding
Shoemaking
Simms, William Gilmore
Singer, Isaac
Slater, Samuel
Slave Patrols
Slave Trade, Domestic
Slave Trade, International
Slavery, Life and Culture
Slavery, Resistance to
Smith, Jedediah
Smith, Joseph
Smithsonian Institution
South, Lower
South, Upper
Southwest
Spain, Relations with
Spas and Gardens
Spiritualism
Spoils System
Sports and Recreation
St. Louis, Missouri
Stanton, Elizabeth Cady
Steam Engine
Steamboats and Steamships
Stewart, Maria W.
Stone, Lucy
Stowe, Harriet Beecher
Stuart, Gilbert
Sumner, Charles
Supreme Court, U.S.
T
Tammany Hall
Taney, Roger B.
Tariffs
Taxation
Taylor, Zachary
Tecumseh
Telegraph
Tenskwatawa
Texas
Textiles
Theater
Thoreau, Henry David
Timber and Logging
Tobacco
Trade, Foreign
Trail of Tears
Transcendentalism
Transportation Revolution
Trumbull, John
Truth, Sojourner
Tubman, Harriet
Turner Rebellion
Tyler, John
U
Underground Railroad
Unitarians
University of Michigan
University of Pennsylvania
University of Virginia
V
Van Buren, Martin
Vanderbilt, Cornelius
Vesey Conspiracy (1822)
Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions (1798-1799)
W
Walker, William
War of 1812
Warren, Josiah
Washington, D.C.
Washington, George
Waterpower
Wealth and Poverty
Webster, Daniel
Webster, Noah
West, Benjamin
Westward Expansion
Whaling
Wheat
Whig Party
Whiskey Rebellion
Whitney, Eli
Whittier, John Greenleaf
Willard, Emma Hart
William and Mary, College of
Wilmot Proviso (1846)
Women, Elite
Women, Middle-Class
Women, Slave
Women, Working-Class
Women's Rights Movement
Worcester v. Georgia (1832)
Workingmen's Party
Wright, Fanny
X
XYZ Affair
Y
Yale University
Young, Brigham
Documents
Federalist No. 10, On Factions (1787)
The Anti-Federalist Papers, Centinel IV (1787)
Washington Accepts the Presidency, Report to the Continental Congress (1789)
Slavery and the Declaration of Independence, Correspondence Between Benjamin Banneker and Thomas Jefferson (1791)
The Journal of Francis Asbury, Excerpt (1791)
Report on Manufactures, Alexander Hamilton (1791)
The Apprentice System in America, Excerpt from The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin (1793)
Eleventh Amendment to the U.S. Constitution (1795)
American Cookery, by Amelia Simmons, Excerpt (1796)
George Washington's Farewell Address (1796)
The Second Kentucky Resolution (1799)
The Life of Washington, by Mason Locke Weems, Excerpt (1800)
On the Scene at a Kentucky Revival (1801)
Marbury v. Madison (1803)
Twelfth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution (1804)
The Hamilton-Burr Duel (1804)
The Journals of Lewis and Clark, Excerpts (1805)
The First Steamboat Sets Sail, Letter by Robert Fulton (1807)
"We Listen to the Voice of the Great Spirit," Remarks by Tenskwatawa (1808)
Knickerbocker's History of New York, by Washington Irving, Excerpt (1809)
"The White People Have No Right to Take the Land," Speech by Tecumseh (1810)
"I Prefer War to Submission," Speech by Representative Felix Grundy (1811)
Objections to the War of 1812, Speech by Daniel Webster (1812)
"The Benefits of Colonization," by Robert Goodloe Harper (1817)
McCulloch v. Maryland (1819)
The Life and Morals of Jesus of Nazareth (The Jefferson Bible), Excerpt (1820)
"Thanatopsis," by William Cullen Bryant (1821)
The Burning of Washington, an Eyewitness Account (1821)
"A Visit from Saint Nicholas," by Clement Clark Moore (1823)
Gibbons v. Ogden (1824)
"The Hunters of Kentucky," Andrew Jackson Campaign Sone (1824)
Lafayette Visits Bunker Hill, Welcoming Remarks (1824)
Proper Parenting, Diary of Susan Mansfield Huntington (1826)
Cherokee Progress, Address by Elias Boudinot (1826)
Webster's Dictionary, Excerpts (1828)
"South Carolina Exposition and Protest," by John C. Calhoun (1828)
The Inauguration of Andrew Jackson, A Firsthand Account by Margaret Bayard Smith (1829)
Conditions on a Slave Ship, Description by the Reverend Robert Walsh (1829)
"All Men Are Sinners," Sunday School Text (1830)
"Wade in the Water," Slave Spiritual (1830)
Tom Thumb Races a Horse, Eyewitness Account by John Latrobe (1830)
Inaugural Editorial, The Liberator, by William Lloyd Garrison (1831)
The Removal and Plunder of the Cherokee, A Firsthand Account (1831)
The Confessions of Nat Turner, by Thomas Ruffin Gray, Excerpt (1831)
Worcester v. Georgia (1832)
"Jump Tim Crow," Minstrel Song (1832)
The Black Man's Fourth of July, Address by Peter Osborne (1832)
President Andrew Jackson Vetoes the Rechartering of the Bank of the United States, Message to Congress (1832)
The Founding of the African Methodist Episcopal Church, Recounted by Richard Allen (1833)
Davy Crockett Kills a Bear, from A Narrative of the Life of David Crockett (1834)
On Revivals of Religion, Sermon by Charles Grandison Finney (1835)
A Visit to San Francisco, Excerpt from Two Years before the Mast, by Richard Henry Dana, Jr. (1835)
How to Conduct a Newspaper, Editorial in the New York Herald (1836)
The Awful Disclosures of Maria Monk, Excerpt (1836)
The Battle of the Alamo, as Recounted by a Survivor (1836)
Obituary of James Madison, Connecticut Observer (1836)
"Because They Are Black," by William Lloyd Garrison (1837)
"The American Scholar," by Ralph Waldo Emerson, Excerpt (1837)
"A Lecture to Young Men on Chastity," by Sylvester Graham, Excerpt (1838)
Wage Slavery, Excerpt from The Savage, by Piomingo (1838)
The "Revolting and Audacious" Amistad Trial, New York Herald (1839)
"Tippecanoe and Tyler Too" ("Log Cabin March"), Whig Campaign Song (1840)
The Americans and the Romans, Excerpt from Democracy in America, by Alexis de Tocqueville (1840)
On the "Log Cabin and Hard Cider" Campaign, Letter by James Buchanan (1840)
A Treatise on Domestic Economy, by Catharine Beecher, Excerpt
Anti-Mormonism, Letter by John Cook Bennett (1842)
Visit to a New York Prostitute, Excerpt from The Journal of Richard Henry Dana, Jr. (1843)
"The Tell-Tale Heart," by Edgar Allan Poe, Excerpt (1843)
Letters and Notes on the Manners, Customs, and Condition of the North American Indians, by George Catlin, Excerpt (1844)
Life in the Lowell Mills, Letter by Harriet Farley (1844)
The State of American Jewry, The Occident and American Jewish Advocate (1844)
The Success of the Telegraph, Letter by Samuel F.B. Morse (1844)
Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave, Excerpt (1845)
Our Manifest Destiny, by John L. O'Sullivan, United States Magazine and Democratic Review (1845)
The Rules of Baseball, by Alexander J. Cartwright (1845)
Opposition to the Mexican-American War, Letter by Frederick Douglass (1846)
The Donner Party Makes a Grim Decision, A Contemporary Account (1847)
The Proper Use of Ether, by William T.G. Morton (1847)
Support for the Mexican-American War, Letter by James Buchanan (1847)
Education as a Great Equalizer, Report by Horace Mann (1848)
"Oh! Susanna," Song by Stephen Foster (1848)
Soldiering in the Mexican-American War, A Letter Home (1848)
The Declaration of Sentiments, Seneca Falls Convention (1848)
Opposition to the Seneca Falls Convention, Mechanic's Advocate, Albany, New York (1848)
The Medicinal Effects of Cayenne Pepper, Excerpt from New Guide to Health, ar Botanic Family Physician, by Samuel Thomson (1849)
On Civil Disobedience, by Henry David Thoreau, Excerpt (1849)
"Powder, Not Prayer": A View of Native Americans (1849)
Prospecting for Gold in California, A Firsthand Account (1849)
The Drunkard, Temperance Play by W.H. Smith, Excerpt (1850)
"The Art of Money-Getting," by P.T. Barnum (1850)
Traveling the Underground Railroad, Excerpt from Reminiscences of Levi Coffin (1850)
On a Whale Hunt in the Pacific (1850)
Speech to the U.S. Senate in Favor of the Compromise of 1850, by Henry Clay (1850)
Jenny Lind in America, Advertisements, New York Herald (1850)
"November Fashions," Godey's Lady's Book (1850)
Moby-Dick, by Herman Melville, Excerpt (1851)
Report on Indian Affairs (1851)
The King of the Sea, by Ned Buntline, Excerpt (1852)
Uncle Tom's Cabin, by Harriet Beecher Stowe, Excerpt (1852)
Response to Uncle Tom's Cabin, Southern Press Review (1852)
Argument for Slavery, Excerpt from Sociology for the South, by George Fitzhugh (1854)
On "Slave Power," Editorial, The National Era (1854)
Life on a Cotton Plantation, Excerpt from Twelve Years a Slave, by Solomon Northup (1855)
Developments in Science, Excerpts from Scientific American (1855)
Objections to African Colonization, Letter to Frederick A. Douglass (1855)
"Song of Myself," by Walt Whitman, Excerpt (1855)
Opposition to the Kansas-Nebraska Act, Letter by Abraham Lincoln (1855)
The Song of Hiawatha, by Henry Wadsworth Longfellow (1855)
Anthony Burns Returned to Virginia, an Eyewitness Report (1856)
An American View of Japanese Culture, Commodore Matthew C. Perry (1856)
"The Crime Against Kansas," Speech to the U.S. Senate by Senator Charles Sumner (1856)
The Whipping of Charles Sumner, Charleston Mercury (1856)
Dred Scott v. Sandford (1857)
Northern Response to the Dred Scott Decision, New York Tribune (1857)
Southern Response to the Dred Scott Decision, Richmond Enquirer (1857)
McGuffey's Eclectic Reader, Excerpts (1857)
The New York Debut of Edwin Booth, Theater Review, The New York Times (1857)
Heading Off Fraudulent Votes, Letter by Abraham Lincoln (1858)
The Demoralizing Effects of Prizefighting, Editorial, The New York Times (1858)
Slave Auction in Savannah, A Newspaper Account (1859)
Interview with Brigham Young (1859)
John Brown's Final Speech (1859)
The Impact of John Brown's Raid, Editorial, Raleigh Register (1859)
"Lincoln and Liberty," Song (1860)
Lincoln's Election a "Menace to Slavery," Editorial, Charleston Mercury (1860)
The Secession of South Carolina, A Firsthand Account (1860)
The Attack on Fort Sumter, The New York Times (1861)
Chronologies
African Americans and Slavery
Art, Literature, and Culture
Economy, Business, and Labor
Expansion and Exploration
Foreign Affairs
Native Americans
Politics and Government
Reform
Religion
Science and Technology
Glossary
Bibliography
Index