The Developing Person Through the Life Span, 11th Edition

✍ Scribed by Kathleen Stassen Berger

• Publisher: Worth Publishers
• Year: 2019
• Tongue: English
• Leaves: 2833
• Edition: Eleventh
• Category: Library

✦ Synopsis

With Kathleen Stassen Berger's always contemporary, always compelling textbook, students learn to see how the basic ideas of developmental psychology apply to their own lives, the lives of those around them, and the lives of others of all life stages and in cultures all around the world. Berger's narrative voice, wide-ranging cultural perspective, and focus on universal themes captivate students from the outset, helping them grasp the important theoretical and scientific work driving the field of developmental psychology today.

✦ Table of Contents

Title Page
Copyright Page
About the Author
Brief Contents
Contents
Preface
Part I The Beginnings
Chapter 1 The Science of Human Development
Understanding How and Why
The Scientific Method
A View from Science: Priming
The Nature–Nurture Controversy
The Life-Span Perspective
Development Is Multidirectional
Development Is Multicontextual
Development Is Multicultural
Development Is Multidisciplinary
Development Is Plastic
Inside the Brain: Thinking About Marijuana
A Case to Study: David
Using the Scientific Method
Observation
The Experiment
The Survey
Meta-Analysis
Studying Development over the Life Span
Cautions and Challenges from Science
Correlation and Causation
Quantity and Quality
Ethics
Chapter 1 Review
Summary
Key Terms
Applications
Especially For Answers
Observation Quiz Answers
Visualizing Development: Diverse Complexities
Chapter 2 Theories
Grand Theories
What Theories Are
Psychodynamic Theory: Freud and Erikson
Behaviorism: Conditioning and Learning
Cognitive Theory: Piaget and Information Processing
Inside the Brain: Measuring Mental Activity
A View from Science: Walk a Mile
Newer Theories
Sociocultural Theory: Vygotsky and Beyond
Evolutionary Theory
What Theories Contribute
Opposing Perspectives: Toilet Training — How and When?
Chapter 2 Review
Summary
Key Terms
Applications
Especially For Answers
Observation Quiz Answers
Visualizing Development: Highlights of the Science of Human Development
Chapter 3 The New Genetics
The Genetic Code
46 to 21,000 to 3 Billion
Same and Different
Matching Genes and Chromosomes
A Case to Study: Women Engineers
Opposing Perspectives: Too Many Boys?
New Cells, New People
Cells and Identity
Twins and More
From Genotype to Phenotype
Many Factors
Gene–Gene Interactions
Nature and Nurture
Practical Applications
Chromosomal and Genetic Problems
Not Exactly 46
Gene Disorders
Genetic Counseling and Testing
A View from Science: The Genes of Psychological Disorders
Chapter 3 Review
Summary
Key Terms
Applications
Especially For Answers
Observation Quiz Answers
Visualizing Development: One Baby or More?
Chapter 4 Prenatal Development and Birth
Prenatal Development
Germinal: The First 14 Days
Embryo: From the Third Week Through the Eighth Week
Fetus: From the Ninth Week Until Birth
Inside the Brain: Essential Connections
Birth
The Newborn’s First Minutes
Medical Assistance at Birth
Opposing Perspectives: Interventions in the Birth Process
Problems and Solutions
Risk Analysis
Harmful Substances
A Case to Study: Behavioral Teratogens
Prenatal Diagnosis
A View from Science: What Is Safe?
Low Birthweight: Causes and Consequences
The New Family
The Newborn
New Mothers
New Fathers
Family Bonding
Chapter 4 Review
Summary
Key Terms
Applications
Especially For Answers
Observation Quiz Answers
Career Alert: The Genetic Counselor
Visualizing Development: The Apgar
Part II The First Two Years
Chapter 5 The First Two Years: Biosocial Development
Body Changes
Body Size
Sleep
Opposing Perspectives: Where Should Babies Sleep?
Brain Development
Inside the Brain: Brains from Back to Front
Harming the Body and Brain
Perceiving and Moving
The Senses
Touch and Pain
A View from Science: Addiction in Newborns
Motor Skills
Cultural Variations
Surviving and Thriving
A Case to Study: Scientist at Work
Immunization
Nutrition
Malnutrition
Chapter 5 Review
Summary
Key Terms
Applications
Especially For Answers
Observation Quiz Answers
Visualizing Development: Immunization
Chapter 6 The First Two Years: Cognitive Development
The Eager Mind
Listening to Learn
Looking to Learn
Core Knowledge
A View from Science: Face Recognition
Theories of the Infant Mind
Infant Memory
Piaget’s Sensorimotor Intelligence
Stages One and Two: Primary Circular Reactions
Stages Three and Four: Secondary Circular Reactions
Opposing Perspectives: Object Permanence
Stages Five and Six: Tertiary Circular Reactions
Language: What Develops in the First Two Years?
The Universal Sequence
A Case to Study: Early Speech
The Naming Explosion
Theories of Language Learning
Chapter 6 Review
Summary
Key Terms
Applications
Especially For Answers
Observation Quiz Answers
Visualizing Development: Early Communication and Language Development
Chapter 7 The First Two Years: Psychosocial Development
Emotional Development
Early Emotions
Toddlers’ Emotions
Temperament
Inside the Brain: The Growth of Emotions
The Development of Social Bonds
Synchrony
Attachment
A View from Science: Measuring Attachment
A Case to Study: Can We Bear This Commitment?
Social Referencing
Fathers as Social Partners
Theories of Infant Psychosocial Development
Psychoanalytic Theory
Behaviorism
Cognitive Theory
Evolutionary Theory
Who Should Care for Babies?
Complications of Interpretation
Exclusive Mother-Care
Opposing Perspectives: Why Doesn’t Everyone Agree?
Problems with Nonmaternal Care
Cohort Differences
Chapter 7 Review
Summary
Key Terms
Applications
Especially For Answers
Observation Quiz Answers
Career Alert: The Pediatrician and the Pediatric Nurse
Visualizing Development: Developing Attachment
Part III Early Childhood
Chapter 8 Early Childhood: Biosocial Development
Body Changes
Growth Patterns
Nutrition
Brain Growth
Myelination
Inside the Brain: Connected Hemispheres
Maturation of the Prefrontal Cortex
Inhibition and Flexibility
Advancing Motor Skills
Harm to Children
Avoidable Injury
A Case to Study: My Baby Swallowed Poison
Prevention
A View from Science: Lead in the Environment
Child Maltreatment
Preventing Harm
Chapter 8 Review
Summary
Key Terms
Applications
Especially For Answers
Observation Quiz Answers
Visualizing Development: Developing Motor Skills
Chapter 9 Early Childhood: Cognitive Development
Thinking During Early Childhood
Executive Function
Piaget: Preoperational Thought
A Case to Study: Stones in the Belly
Vygotsky: Social Learning
Children’s Theories
Inside the Brain: The Role of Experience
Language Learning
The Sensitive Time for Language Learning
The Vocabulary Explosion
Acquiring Grammar
Learning Two Languages
Early-Childhood Schooling
Homes and Schools
Child-Centered Programs
Teacher-Directed Programs
Opposing Perspectives: Comparing Child-Centered and Teacher-Directed Preschools
Intervention Programs
Long-Term Gains from Intensive Programs
Chapter 9 Review
Summary
Key Terms
Applications
Especially For Answers
Observation Quiz Answers
Visualizing Development: Early-Childhood Schooling
Chapter 10 Early Childhood: Psychosocial Development
Emotional Development
A View from Science: Waiting for the Marshmallow
Initiative Versus Guilt
Motivation
Play
Playmates
Social Play
Challenges for Caregivers
Styles of Caregiving
Discipline
Opposing Perspectives: Spare the Rod?
Becoming Boys or Girls: Sex and Gender
A Case to Study: The Berger Daughters
Teaching Right and Wrong
Chapter 10 Review
Summary
Key Terms
Applications
Especially For Answers
Observation Quiz Answers
Career Alert: The Preschool Teacher
Visualizing Development: More Play Time, Less Screen Time
Part IV Middle Childhood
Chapter 11 Middle Childhood: Biosocial Development
A Healthy Time
Statistics on Health
Health Habits
Physical Activity
Motor Skills and School
Health Problems in Middle Childhood
Brain Development
Brains and Motion
Measuring the Mind
A View from Science: The Flynn Effect
Children with Special Brains and Bodies
Many Causes, Many Symptoms
Opposing Perspectives: Drug Treatment for ADHD and Other Disorders
Specific Learning Disorders
Special Education
A Case to Study: The Gifted and Talented
Chapter 11 Review
Summary
Key Terms
Applications
Especially For Answers
Observation Quiz Answers
Visualizing Development: Childhood Obesity Around the World
Chapter 12 Middle Childhood: Cognitive Development
Thinking
Piaget on Middle Childhood
Vygotsky and Culture
Opposing Perspectives: Two or Twenty Pills a Day
Information Processing
Inside the Brain: Coordination and Capacity
Language
Vocabulary
Speaking Two Languages
Poverty and Language
Teaching and Learning
The Curriculum
International Testing
A Case to Study: Happiness or High Grades?
Schooling in the United States
Chapter 12 Review
Summary
Key Terms
Applications
Especially For Answers
Observation Quiz Answers
Visualizing Development: Education in Middle Childhood
Chapter 13 Middle Childhood: The Social World
The Nature of the Child
Industry and Inferiority
Parental Reactions
Self-Concept
Resilience and Stress
Families During Middle Childhood
Shared and Nonshared Environments
A View from Science: “I Always Dressed One in Blue Stuff …”
Function and Structure
Various Family Structures
Connecting Family Structure and Function
A Case to Study: How Hard Is It to Be a Kid?
Family Trouble
The Peer Group
The Culture of Children
Friendships
Popular and Unpopular Children
Bullying
Children’s Morality
Opposing Perspectives: Parents Versus Peers
Chapter 13 Review
Summary
Key Terms
Applications
Especially For Answers
Observation Quiz Answers
Career Alert: The Speech Therapist
Visualizing Development: Family Structures Around the World
Part V Adolescence
Chapter 14 Adolescence: Biosocial Development
Puberty Begins
Sequence
Unseen Beginnings
Brain Growth
Inside the Brain: Lopsided Growth
When Will Puberty Begin?
A View from Science: Stress and Puberty
Too Early, Too Late
Growth and Nutrition
Growing Bigger and Stronger
Diet Deficiencies
Eating Disorders
Sexual Maturation
Sexual Characteristics
Sexual Activity
Sexual Problems in Adolescence
Chapter 14 Review
Summary
Key Terms
Applications
Especially For Answers
Observation Quiz Answers
Visualizing Development: Satisfied with Your Body?
Chapter 15 Adolescence: Cognitive Development
Logic and Self
Egocentrism
Formal Operational Thought
Two Modes of Thinking
Intuitive and Analytic Processing
A Case to Study: Biting the Policeman
Better Thinking
Inside the Brain: Stop and Think? No
Technology and Cognition
Digital Natives
Technology in Schools
Sexual Abuse?
Computer Addiction
Cyber Danger
Secondary Education
Definitions and Facts
Middle School
High School
Opposing Perspectives: High-Stakes Testing
Variability
Chapter 15 Review
Summary
Key Terms
Applications
Especially For Answers
Observation Quiz Answers
Visualizing Development: How Many Adolescents Are in School?
Chapter 16 Adolescence: Psychosocial Development
Identity
Not Yet Achieved
Arenas of Identity Formation
Close Relationships
Family
A View from Science: Teens and Genes
Peer Power
A Case to Study: The Naiveté of Your Author
Learning About Sex
Sadness and Anger
Depression
Delinquency and Defiance
Inside the Brain: Impulses, Rewards, and Reflection
Drug Use and Abuse
Age Trends
Opposing Perspectives: E-Cigarettes: Path to Addiction or Health?
Harm from Drugs
Preventing Drug Abuse: What Works?
Chapter 16 Review
Summary
Key Terms
Applications
Especially For Answers
Observation Quiz Answers
Career Alert: The Teacher
Visualizing Development: Adolescent Bullying
Part VI Emerging Adulthood
Chapter 17 Emerging Adulthood: Biosocial Development
Biological Universals
A New Stage
A View from Science: Universal or WEIRD?
Body Systems
Health and Sickness
Capacity for Recovery
Examples of Load and Balancing
Appearance
Sexual Activity
Births
Universal Sex Drives
Opposing Perspectives: Premarital Sex
Taking Risks
Who Are the Risk Takers?
Benefits of Risk Taking
A Case to Study: A Hero for Millions
Chapter 17 Review
Summary
Key Terms
Applications
Especially For Answers
Observation Quiz Answers
Visualizing Development: Highlights in the Journey to Adulthood
Chapter 18 Emerging Adulthood: Cognitive Development
A New Level of Thinking
Postformal Thought
Inside the Brain: A New Stage?
Dialectical Thought
Ethics and Religion
Doing the Right Thing
Faith and Practice
Cognitive Growth and Higher Education
Health and Wealth
A View from Science: Women and College
College and Cognition
A Case to Study: Generation to Generation
Improving the College Experience
Technology in College
Why Learn?
Chapter 18 Review
Summary
Key Terms
Applications
Especially For Answers
Observation Quiz Answers
Visualizing Development: Why Study?
Chapter 19 Emerging Adulthood: Psychosocial Development
Identity Achievement
Moratoria
Ethnic Identity
Vocational Identity
Identity and Intimacy
Emerging Adults and Their Parents
Friendship
Romantic Partners
The Dimensions of Love
A Case to Study: My Students, My Daughters, and Me
Cohabitation
Opposing Perspectives: Making Divorce More Likely?
Concluding Hopes
Chapter 19 Review
Summary
Key Terms
Applications
Especially For Answers
Observation Quiz Answers
Career Alert: The Career Counselor
Visualizing Development: Marital Status in the United States
Part VII Adulthood
Chapter 20 Adulthood: Biosocial Development
Growing Older
Senescence
Inside the Brain: Neurons Forming in Adulthood
Outward Appearance
The Senses
The Sexual-Reproductive System
Sexual Responsiveness
The Sexual-Reproductive System in Middle Age
Habits: Good and Bad
Exercise
Drugs
Nutrition
Correlating Income and Health
Chapter 20 Review
Summary
Key Terms
Applications
Especially For Answers
Observation Quiz Answers
Visualizing Development: Adult Overweight Around the World
Chapter 21 Adulthood: Cognitive Development
Intelligence Changes During Adulthood?
Inborn IQ
Age and IQ
Putting It All Together
Components of Intelligence: Many and Varied
Two Clusters of Intelligence
Three Forms of Intelligence
Selective Gains and Losses
Optimization with Compensation
Expert Cognition
A View from Science: Who Wins in Soccer?
Expertise, Age, and Experience
A Case to Study: Parenting Expertise
Chapter 21 Review
Summary
Key Terms
Applications
Especially For Answers
Observation Quiz Answers
Visualizing Development: Media Use Among U.S. Adults
Chapter 22 Adulthood: Psychosocial Development
Personality Development in Adulthood
Erikson’s Theory
Maslow’s Theory of Personality
The Big Five
Common Themes
Intimacy: Connecting with Others
Romantic Partners
A Case to Study: The Benefits of Marriage
Friends and Acquaintances
Family Bonds
Generativity: The Work of Adulthood
Parenthood
A View from Science: The Skipped-Generation Family
Caregiving
Employment
Opposing Perspectives: Accommodating Diversity
Finding the Balance
Chapter 22 Review
Summary
Key Terms
Applications
Especially For Answers
Observation Quiz Answers
Career Alert: The Physical Therapist
Visualizing Development: Family Connections, Family Caregiving
Part VIII Late Adulthood
Chapter 23 Late Adulthood: Biosocial Development
Prejudice and Predictions
The Special Harm
A View from Science: I’m Not Like Those Other Old People
Demography and Ageism
Adjusting to Changes
Microsystem Compensation: Sex
A Case to Study: Sex Among Older Adults
Macrosystem Compensation: Driving
Exosystem Compensation: The Senses
Primary and Secondary Aging
Theories of Aging
Wear and Tear
It’s All Genetic
Aging of the Cells
Chapter 23 Review
Summary
Key terms
Applications
Especially For Answers
Observation Quiz Answer
Visualizing Development: Elders Behind the Wheel
Chapter 24 Late Adulthood: Cognitive Development
The Brain During Adulthood
Ongoing Development
Opposing Perspectives: Slower Thinking
Step-by-Step Processing
Input
Memory
Control Processes
Output
Neurocognitive Disorders
Mild Cognitive Impairment
The Ageism of Words
Prevalence of NCDs
The Many Neurocognitive Disorders
Preventing Impairment
Reversible Neurocognitive Disorder?
A Case to Study: The More You Know …
New Cognitive Development
Erikson and Maslow
Aesthetic Sense and Creativity
Wisdom
Chapter 24 Review
Summary
Key terms
Applications
Especially For Answers
Observation Quiz Answers
Visualizing Development: Global Prevalence of Major NCD
Chapter 25 Late Adulthood: Psychosocial Development
Theories of Late Adulthood
Self Theories
A Case to Study: Saving Old Newspapers
Stratification Theories
Activities in Late Adulthood
Working
Home Sweet Home
Religious Involvement
Political Activity
Friends and Relatives
The Frail Elderly
Activities of Daily Life
Preventing Frailty
Cognitive Failure
Caring for the Frail Elderly
A Case to Study: A Trusted Sister
Long-Term Care
Chapter 25 Review
Summary
Key terms
Applications
Especially For Answers
Observation Quiz Answers
Career Alert: The Developmental Scientist
Visualizing Development: Living Independently: After Age 65
Epilogue Death and Dying
Death and Hope
Cultures, Epochs, and Death
Understanding Death Throughout the Life Span
Near-Death Experiences
Choices in Dying
A Good Death
Better Ways to Die
Ethical Issues
A Case to Study: What Is Your Intention?
Opposing Perspectives: The “Right to Die”?
Advance Directives
Affirmation of Life
Grief
Mourning
Placing Blame and Seeking Meaning
Diversity of Reactions
Epilogue Review
Summary
Key Terms
Applications
Especially For Answers
Observation Quiz Answers
Appendix: More About Research Methods
Make It Personal
Read the Research
Professional Journals and Books
The Internet
Additional Terms and Concepts
Who Participates?
Research Design
Reporting Results
Glossary
References
Name Index
Subject Index