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The anatomy and variations of the internal thoracic (internal mammary) artery and implications in autologous breast reconstruction: clinical anatomical study and literature review

✍ Scribed by Alice C. A. Murray; Warren M. Rozen; Alberto Alonso-Burgos; Mark W. Ashton; Emilio Garcia-Tutor; Iain S. Whitaker


Publisher
Springer
Year
2011
Tongue
English
Weight
350 KB
Volume
34
Category
Article
ISSN
0930-1038

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## Abstract **__Background__**: The fasciocutaneous internal mammary artery perforator (IMAP) island flap allows for superior esthetical and functional skin cover in the head and neck region in combination with limited donor site morbidity. Its modification as a free flap allows reconstruction of m