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TGF-β signalling SMAD proteins are highly expressed in human atherosclerotic lesions

✍ Scribed by E.M. Tararak; N.I. Kalinina; O.P. Ilyinskaya; A. Agrotis; A. Bobik


Book ID
119439269
Publisher
Elsevier Science
Year
1999
Tongue
English
Weight
138 KB
Volume
144
Category
Article
ISSN
0021-9150

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## Background In endothelial cells (EC), transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) can bind to and transduce signals through ALK1 and ALK5. The TGF-β/ALK5 and TGF-β/ALK1 pathways have opposite effects on EC behaviour. Besides differential receptor binding, the duration of TGF-β signaling is an important