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Textile Fiber Microscopy: A Practical Approach

✍ Scribed by Markova, Ivana


Publisher
John Wiley & Sons
Year
2019
Tongue
English
Leaves
232
Category
Library

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✦ Synopsis


Cover -- Title Page -- Copyright -- Contents -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1 Types of Microscopes Used in Science -- 1.1 Stereomicroscope -- 1.2 Compound Microscope -- 1.3 Polarizing Light Microscope -- 1.4 Electron Microscope -- 2 Magnification -- 3 Resolution -- 4 Use of the Microscope -- 4.1 Microtome -- 4.2 Measuring Fibers Using the Metric System -- 4.3 Sampling -- 4.4 Mounting -- 5 Fibers -- 5.1 Plant Fibers -- 5.2 Animal Fibers -- 5.3 Regenerated Manufactured Fibers -- 5.4 Synthetic Fibers -- 5.5 Fiber Morphology -- 5.6 Fiber Shape -- 5.7 Fiber Measurement -- References -- Chapter 1 Natural Cellulosic Fibers -- 1.1 Seed Fibers -- 1.1.1 Cotton -- 1.1.2 Organic Cotton -- 1.1.3 Kapok Fibers -- 1.1.4 Poplar Fibers -- 1.1.5 Willow Fibers -- 1.1.6 Coir Fibers -- 1.2 Bast Fibers -- 1.2.1 Linen -- 1.2.2 Ramie -- 1.2.3 Hemp -- 1.2.4 Bamboo -- 1.2.5 Jute -- 1.2.6 Fiber Size -- 1.2.7 Nettle -- 1.2.8 Bast Fiber in Its Historical Context -- 1.3 Leaf Fibers -- 1.3.1 Sisal -- 1.3.2 Henequen -- 1.3.3 Abaca -- 1.3.4 Pineapple Leaves -- References -- Chapter 2 Animal Fibers -- 2.1 Wool -- 2.1.1 Cuticle -- 2.1.2 Scale Pattern Type (Animal Hair) -- 2.1.2.1 Mosaic -- 2.1.2.2 Wave -- 2.1.2.3 Chevron -- 2.1.2.4 Petal -- 2.1.3 Types of Scale Margins -- 2.1.4 Cortex -- 2.1.5 Medulla -- 2.1.5.1 Lattice -- 2.1.5.2 Simple Unbroken -- 2.1.5.3 Interrupted -- 2.1.5.4 Fragmental -- 2.1.5.5 Ladder Type of Medulla -- 2.1.6 Fiber Size -- 2.1.7 Fiber Morphology -- 2.1.7.1 Fiber Absorbency -- 2.1.7.2 Fiber Shrinkage -- 2.1.7.3 Wool Varieties -- 2.1.8 Merino Wool and Other Fine Wool Fibers -- 2.1.8.1 Normal Fleece Wool -- 2.1.8.2 Kemp Fibers -- 2.2 Luxury Fibers -- 2.2.1 Cashmere -- 2.2.2 Yangir -- 2.2.3 Mohair -- 2.2.4 Vicuna -- 2.2.5 Camelid Fibers -- 2.2.6 Alpaca -- 2.2.7 Llama -- 2.2.8 Shahtoosh -- 2.2.9 Yak.

✦ Table of Contents


Cover......Page 1
Front page......Page 3
Copyright......Page 4
Contents......Page 5
Preface......Page 9
Acknowledgments......Page 11
Introduction......Page 12
1.1 Stereomicroscope......Page 14
1.3 Polarizing Light Microscope......Page 15
3 Resolution......Page 16
4 Use of the Microscope......Page 17
4.1 Microtome......Page 18
4.3 Sampling......Page 19
5 Fibers......Page 20
5.3 Regenerated Manufactured Fibers......Page 22
5.4 Synthetic Fibers......Page 23
5.5 Fiber Morphology......Page 24
5.7 Fiber Measurement......Page 25
References......Page 26
1.1.1 Cotton......Page 27
1.1.2 Organic Cotton......Page 30
1.1.3 Kapok Fibers......Page 32
1.1.4 Poplar Fibers......Page 34
1.1.5 Willow Fibers......Page 35
1.1.6 Coir Fibers......Page 37
1.2.1 Linen......Page 38
1.2.3 Hemp......Page 43
1.2.4 Bamboo......Page 47
1.2.7 Nettle......Page 48
1.3 Leaf Fibers......Page 52
1.3.3 Abaca......Page 53
References......Page 54
2.1 Wool......Page 57
2.1.1 Cuticle......Page 58
2.1.2 Scale Pattern Type (Animal Hair)......Page 59
2.1.2.3 Chevron......Page 60
2.1.5 Medulla......Page 62
2.1.5.2 Simple Unbroken......Page 63
2.1.5.5 Ladder Type of Medulla......Page 64
2.1.7 Fiber Morphology......Page 65
2.1.7.2 Fiber Shrinkage......Page 67
2.1.7.3 Wool Varieties......Page 68
2.1.8 Merino Wool and Other Fine Wool Fibers......Page 69
2.1.8.2 Kemp Fibers......Page 70
2.2 Luxury Fibers......Page 71
2.2.1 Cashmere......Page 72
2.2.3 Mohair......Page 75
2.2.4 Vicuna......Page 80
2.2.5 Camelid Fibers......Page 81
2.2.6 Alpaca......Page 83
2.2.7 Llama......Page 87
2.2.9 Yak......Page 88
2.2.10 Other Identification Techniques to Note......Page 89
2.3 Silk......Page 92
2.3.1 Peace or Ahimsa Silk......Page 95
2.3.2 Spider Silk......Page 97
References......Page 99
3.1 Animal Fibers......Page 102
3.1.1 Scale Cast......Page 103
3.1.3 Rabbit, Hare, and Angora Rabbit Fibers......Page 104
3.1.4 Angora Hai......Page 106
3.2 Other Fur Fibers......Page 109
3.2.1 Mink and Ermine......Page 111
3.2.3 Raccoon Dog......Page 113
3.3 Faux Fur......Page 114
3.4 Dog and Cat Fur......Page 119
3.4.1 Karakul......Page 121
3.4.2 Optical Microscopy......Page 122
References......Page 123
4.1.1 Viscose Rayon......Page 125
4.1.2 Bamboo Rayon......Page 127
4.1.3 High Wet Modulus (HWM) Rayon......Page 128
4.1.4 Cuprammonium Rayon......Page 130
4.1.5 Lyocell Fibers......Page 131
4.1.6 A Review of Cross‐sectional Shapes of Fibers......Page 132
4.1.7 Cross‐sectional Fiber Shape and Luster......Page 133
4.1.8 Acetate Fibers......Page 135
4.2 Regenerated Protein Fibers......Page 137
4.2.1 Soybean Fibers......Page 138
4.2.3 Composite Cellulose Fibers......Page 141
References......Page 144
5.1 Nylon......Page 146
5.2 Polyester......Page 147
5.4 Delustering......Page 149
5.6 Variety of Cross‐sectional Shapes......Page 151
5.7 Comparison Analysis......Page 154
5.8 Fibers in Carpeting......Page 156
5.9 Fabric Tenacity......Page 157
5.10 Performance Textiles......Page 158
5.11 Acrylic Fibers......Page 159
5.12 Fiber Cross‐sections......Page 160
5.13 Fiber Longitudinal View......Page 161
5.14 Spandex......Page 164
5.15 Olefin......Page 166
5.16 Fiber Melting Point......Page 167
5.17 Microfibers......Page 169
5.17.1 Applications of Microfibers......Page 173
5.17.2 Imitation Leather/Suede......Page 180
References......Page 182
6.1 Nanotechnology in Textiles......Page 184
6.1.2 Uses of Nanofibers......Page 186
6.1.3 Nanowebs......Page 187
6.1.4 Nanocoatings......Page 189
6.1.5 Nanoparticles......Page 190
6.1.6 Electrically Conductive Fibers......Page 191
6.1.7 Porous Surface Fibers......Page 192
References......Page 193
7.2 Recycled Polyester via Chemical Recycling......Page 195
7.3 Recycled PET via Mechanical Recycling......Page 196
7.3.1 Microscopic Images......Page 198
7.5 Recycled Cotton......Page 199
7.6 Recycled Wool......Page 201
7.6.1 Microscopic Appearance......Page 202
7.7 Other Recycling Methods – Using a RayonManufacturing Method to Recycle Fibers – ADissolution‐Based Recycling Method......Page 203
7.7.2 Recycling Blends......Page 204
References......Page 206
8.1 Textile Fibers and History......Page 208
8.1.2 Greek Textiles......Page 209
8.3 Egyptian Textiles......Page 215
8.3.1 Middle Kingdom Linen Cloth......Page 216
8.3.2 Romano‐Egyptian Textiles......Page 217
References......Page 219
Index......Page 221

✦ Subjects


Textile fibers--Microscopy;Electronic books;Textile fibers -- Microscopy


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