associated viruses (AAV), 334 Adenovirus-encoding GFP, 216 Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), 238 Algebraic Reconstruction Technique (ART), 175 Alzheimer's disease, 233 Amyloid precursor protein (APP), 234 Angiogenesis, 287, 305 Angiography, 52 Anterograde axonal tracing, 359 Apoptosis, 229, 291, 292 imaging, 293 Apoptotic cascade, 294 Apoptotic cell death, 301 Apparent integrated backscatter (AIB), 318 Aromatic-amino-dopadecarboxylase (AADC), 216 Arterial spin labeling (ASL), 53 Artifacts, 62 Atherosclerosis, 272 Autofluorescence, 165 Autopsy, 233 Avalanche photodiodes, 118 Average optical index, 164 Axial resolution, 85 Banana patterns, 174 Beam forming techniques, 87, 88 Beam-hardening effect (BHE), 62, 63 Benzodiazepine receptors, 195 Bifunctional chelating agent, 124 Bio-implants, 74 Bioluminescent imaging (BLI), 333 Bisphosphonate, 206 Blood flow, 299, 300 Blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) contrast, 47, 237, 239 detection, 49 Boltzman constant, 7 Bone growth retardation, 67 Bone mineral density (BMD), 67 Brain, 20 tissue, 348 Caspase(s), 294 cascade, 302 Cathepsin(s), 297 Cell labelling strategies, 354 Cellular enzymes, 362 Cerebral blood flow (CBF), 239, 242 Cerebral blood volume (CBV), 236, 239 Charge coupled device (CCD), 60 Chemical shift imaging (CSI), 21, 46 Coil, 14 Coincidence(s), 116 random, 117 scattered, 117 true, 117 Collimator(s), 110 cone beam, 111 fan-beam, 111 parallel, 111 Computed tomography (CT), 224, 281, 330 Computer-assisted image-based registration methods, 225 Confocal laser-scanning microscope (CLSM), 183 Confocal laser-scanning microscopy, 312 Contrast agent(s), 41, 211-215, 355 systemic application of, 357 Contrast-enhanced ultrasound imaging, 290 Convection-enhanced delivery (CED), 341 Cooled charged couple detector (CCD), 216 Cranial window, 186 Crude radionuclides, 192 Cytokines, 228 Cytomegalovirus (CMV), 361 Cytosine deaminase (CD), 335 Damping material, 84 Dark spots, 234 Deoxyhemoglobin, 47 Diffuse optical tomography (DOT), 224, 312 Diffuse photon density wave (DPDW), 170 Diffusion (water), 50