In common with many other regions, the Western Balkans have been faced with numerous emergency situations in recent years including major fires, massive flooding and heavy snow. These emergencies were frequently beyond the response capacity of the individual countries affected and revealed an obvious need for a joint response to civil emergencies and catastrophes. This book presents papers from the NATO Advanced Research Workshop (ARW) on 'Sustained Emergency Relief - Regionally Developed Capacities'. This workshop took place in Struga, Republic of Macedonia, in June and July 2012. The workshop was attended by 44 representatives from 10 countries and from the NATO Operations Division and HQ KFOR, who presented national views and individual research in the field of sustainable development of regional capacities for emergency relief. The book is divided into two sections: Capabilities for Emergency Relief - National Challenges and Perspectives, and Development of Regional Capacities for Emergency Relief in the Spirit of the Smart Defence Initiative. This book summarizes the analysis of the current regional situation and gives recommendations for policy integration and capacity development across the Balkan countries and territories, but it will be of interest to all those whose work involves the planning of responses to emergency situations.