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An analysis of the distribution of the principal stresses in the bones of the lower limb had been carried out by the photo-elastic method. This analysis suggested that, in the regions examined, epiphysial cartilages were orientated so that they lay, in large measure, parallel to the direction of one of the principal stresses : usually this was the tensile stress, but in some situations it was the compression stress.
The mechanical advantage of this orientation of epiphysial cartilages is that shear stress between metaphyses and epiphyses is reduced to a minimum.
There is an abnormal karyotype in the chromosomal intersexes in mongolism and in some other congenital malformations. The results of clinical and genetic studies in 60 cases of medullary dysgenesis (chromatin-positive Klinefelter's syndrome) were described. The abnormal karyotype is apparently produced by meiotic nondisjunction and is associated with increased parental age. Most cases present with hypogonadism or male infertility and benefit from androgen replacement therapy.
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