Surfactants in heterophase polymerization: A study of film formation using force microscopy

✍ Scribed by S. Lam; A. C. Hellgren; M. Sjöberg; K. Holmberg; H. A. S. Schoonbrood; M. J. Unzué; J. M. Asua; K. Tauer; D. C. Sherrington; A. Montoya Goni

• Publisher: John Wiley and Sons
• Year: 1997
• Tongue: English
• Weight: 353 KB
• Volume: 66
• Category: Article
• ISSN: 0021-8995
• DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-4628(19971003)66:1<187::aid-app22>3.0.co;2-y

✦ Synopsis

Film formation of three different latices was studied using atomic force microscopy. The latices were made from a mixture of butyl acrylate, styrene, and acrylic acid using either a polymerizable or an unreactive anionic surfactant as an emulsifier. Sodium 11-crotonoyloxyundecan-1-ylsulfate and sodium 3-(sulfopropyl)tetradecylmaleate were used as a reactive surfactant and the unreactive surfactant was sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS). The conventional surfactant was found to migrate to the surface of the latex film to a much greater extent than did the reactive surfactants; however, also, the latter were incompletely anchored to the particle. The maleate surfactant was bound to a higher degree than was the crotonate, a finding which is in line with the relative reactivities of the two surfactants.