Abstract
Objective
The highest suicide rates are found among the elderly, therefore suicidal ideation is prevalent in longβterm care facilities. Despite these facts and multiplying losses, most residents show no signs of suicidal ideation. There is a lack of information on which factors protect against suicidal thoughts among the elderly. The aim of this pilot study was to assess the prevalence and correlates of suicidal ideation with risk and protective factors among older residential care home residents in Vienna.
Methods
This crossβsectional study was conducted in 15 Viennese residential care homes. Participants completed a selfβreport questionnaire containing sociodemographic factors, physical health, mental health, and protective factors like optimistic attributional style, selfβefficacy, and internal locus of control as well as satisfaction with life and were finally asked about active and passive suicidal thoughts and behaviors.
Results
With the voluntary participation of 129 residents aged 60 years or more, active suicidal ideation during the last month was identified in 7% of the elderly, 11% reported active suicidal ideation during the past year. Primarily, we found that protective factors like internal locus of control, selfβefficacy, and satisfaction with life were important single predictors of active suicidal ideation during the past month. Depressive symptoms and current psychotherapeutic treatment were additionally important predictors.
Conclusions
Suicidal ideation is prevalent in Viennese residential care homes; consequently it is necessary to recognize and treat suicidal ideation in an adequate way. Our findings suggest that research and prevention strategies could not merely target risk, but also include protective factors. Copyright Β© 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.