Substance use among adolescent students with consideration of budget constraints

Relationships with adults as predictors

Relationships with adults as predictors of substance use, gang involvement, and threats to safety among disadvantaged urban high-school adolescents

✍ Linda G. Ryan; Karen Miller-Loessi; Tanya Nieri 📂 Article 📅 2007 🏛 John Wiley and Sons 🌐 English ⚖ 155 KB

## Abstract Using a resilience framework, the authors examined the protective effects of parental support, self‐disclosure to parents, parent‐initiated monitoring of adolescent behavior, and relationships with school personnel on three critical problems of adolescents: substance use, gang involveme