Title Page......Page 1
Copyright......Page 2
Contents......Page 5
Preface......Page 13
PART ONE: INTRODUCTION TO STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS AND LOADS......Page 17
1 Introduction to Structural Analysis......Page 19
1.1 Historical Background......Page 20
1.2 Role of Structural Analysis in Structural Engineering Projects......Page 22
1.3 Classification of Structures......Page 23
1.4 Analytical Models......Page 28
Summary......Page 32
2 Loads on Structures......Page 33
2.1 Dead Loads......Page 34
2.2 Live Loads......Page 37
2.4 Wind Loads......Page 40
2.5 Snow Loads......Page 48
2.6 Earthquake Loads......Page 51
2.9 Load Combinations......Page 53
Summary......Page 54
Problems......Page 55
PART TWO: ANALYSIS OF STATICALLY DETERMINATE STRUCTURES......Page 57
3.1 Equilibrium of Structures......Page 59
3.2 External and Internal Forces......Page 62
3.4 Static Determinacy, Indeterminacy, and Instability......Page 63
3.5 Computation of Reactions......Page 76
3.7 Reactions of Simply Supported Structures Using Proportions......Page 94
Summary......Page 96
Problems......Page 98
4 Plane and Space Trusses......Page 105
4.1 Assumptions for Analysis of Trusses......Page 107
4.2 Arrangement of Members of Plane TrussesโInternal Stability......Page 111
4.3 Equations of Condition for Plane Trusses......Page 116
4.4 Static Determinacy, Indeterminacy, and Instability of Plane Trusses......Page 117
4.5 Analysis of Plane Trusses by the Method of Joints......Page 122
4.6 Analysis of Plane Trusses by the Method of Sections......Page 138
4.7 Analysis of Compound Trusses......Page 145
4.8 Complex Trusses......Page 150
4.9 Space Trusses......Page 151
Summary......Page 161
Problems......Page 162
5 Beams and Frames: Shear and Bending Moment......Page 177
5.1 Axial Force, Shear, and Bending Moment......Page 178
5.2 Shear and Bending Moment Diagrams......Page 184
5.3 Qualitative Deflected Shapes......Page 189
5.4 Relationships Between Loads, Shears, and Bending Moments......Page 191
5.5 Static Determinacy, Indeterminacy, and Instability of Plane Frames......Page 212
5.6 Analysis of Plane Frames......Page 218
Summary......Page 233
Problems......Page 235
6 Deflections of Beams: Geometric Methods......Page 244
6.1 Differential Equation for Beam Deflection......Page 245
6.2 Direct Integration Method......Page 248
6.3 Superposition Method......Page 251
6.4 Moment-Area Method......Page 252
6.5 Bending Moment Diagrams by Parts......Page 266
6.6 Conjugate-Beam Method......Page 271
Problems......Page 287
7 Deflections of Trusses, Beams, and Frames: WorkโEnergy Methods......Page 293
7.1 Work......Page 294
7.2 Principle of Virtual Work......Page 296
7.3 Deflections of Trusses by the Virtual Work Method......Page 300
7.4 Deflections of Beams by the Virtual Work Method......Page 311
7.5 Deflections of Frames by the Virtual Work Method......Page 320
7.6 Conservation of Energy and Strain Energy......Page 330
7.7 Castigliano's Second Theorem......Page 334
7.8 Betti's Law and Maxwell's Law of Reciprocal Deflections......Page 343
Summary......Page 344
Problems......Page 346
8 Influence Lines......Page 355
8.1 Influence Lines for Beams and Frames by Equilibrium Method......Page 356
8.2 Muller-Breslau's Principle and Qualitative Influence Lines......Page 371
8.3 Influence Lines for Girders with Floor Systems......Page 385
8.4 Influence Lines for Trusses......Page 395
8.5 Influence Lines for Deflections......Page 408
Problems......Page 411
9.1 Response at a Particular Location Due to a Single Moving Concentrated Load......Page 419
9.2 Response at a Particular Location Due to a Uniformly Distributed Live Load......Page 421
9.3 Response at a Particular Location Due to a Series of Moving Concentrated Loads......Page 426
9.4 Absolute Maximum Response......Page 433
Summary......Page 439
Problems......Page 440
10 Analysis of Symmetric Structures......Page 443
10.1 Symmetric Structures......Page 444
10.2 Symmetric and Antisymmetric Components of Loadings......Page 450
10.3 Behavior of Symmetric Structures Under Symmetric and Antisymmetric Loadings......Page 461
10.4 Procedure for Analysis of Symmetric Structures......Page 465
Summary......Page 473
Problems......Page 474
PART THREE: ANALYSIS OF STATICALLY INDETERMINATE STRUCTURES......Page 477
11 Introduction to Statically Indeterminate Structures......Page 479
11.1 Advantages and Disadvantages of Indeterminate Structures......Page 480
11.2 Analysis of Indeterminate Structures......Page 483
Summary......Page 488
12 Approximate Analysis of Rectangular Building Frames......Page 489
12.1 Assumptions for Approximate Analysis......Page 490
12.2 Analysis for Vertical Loads......Page 493
12.3 Analysis for Lateral LoadsโPortal Method......Page 499
12.4 Analysis for Lateral LoadsโCantilever Method......Page 515
Summary......Page 522
Problems......Page 523
13 Method of Consistent DeformationsโForce Method......Page 526
13.1 Structures with Single Degree of Indeterminacy......Page 527
13.2 Internal Forces and Moments as Redundants......Page 549
13.3 Structures with Multiple Degrees of Indeterminacy......Page 562
13.4 Support Settlements, Temperature Changes, and Fabrication Errors......Page 586
Summary......Page 595
Problems......Page 596
14 Three-Moment Equation and the Method of Least Work......Page 604
14.1 Derivation of Three-Moment Equation......Page 605
14.2 Application of Three-Moment Equation......Page 610
14.3 Method of Least Work......Page 617
Summary......Page 624
Problems......Page 625
15 Influence Lines for Statically Indeterminate Structures......Page 627
15.1 Influence Lines for Beams and Trusses......Page 628
15.2 Qualitative Influence Lines by Muller-Breslau's Principle......Page 645
Problems......Page 650
16 Slope-Deflection Method......Page 653
16.1 Slope-Deflection Equations......Page 654
16.2 Basic Concept of the Slope-Deflection Method......Page 662
16.3 Analysis of Continuous Beams......Page 669
16.4 Analysis of Frames without Sidesway......Page 691
16.5 Analysis of Frames with Sidesway......Page 699
Problems......Page 720
17 Moment-Distribution Method......Page 725
17.1 Definitions and Terminology......Page 726
17.2 Basic Concept of the Moment-Distribution Method......Page 735
17.3 Analysis of Continuous Beams......Page 743
17.4 Analysis of Frames without Sidesway......Page 759
17.5 Analysis of Frames with Sidesway......Page 762
Summary......Page 779
Problems......Page 780
18 Introduction to Matrix Structural Analysis......Page 785
18.1 Analytical Model......Page 786
18.2 Member Stiffness Relations in Local Coordinates......Page 790
18.3 Coordinate Transformations......Page 798
18.4 Member Stiffness Relations in Global Coordinates......Page 804
18.5 Structure Stiffness Relations......Page 805
18.6 Procedure for Analysis......Page 813
Summary......Page 831
Problems......Page 832
Appendix A: Areas and Centroids of Geometric Shapes......Page 834
B.1 Definition of a Matrix......Page 837
B.2 Types of Matrices......Page 838
B.3 Matrix Operations......Page 840
B.4 Solution of Simultaneous Equations by the Gauss-Jordan Method......Page 847
Problems......Page 851
Appendix C: Computer Software......Page 853
Bibliography......Page 867
Answers to Selected Problems......Page 869
Index......Page 877