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Stoichiometric measurements in nickel–hypophosphite baths for electroless deposition

✍ Scribed by Nima K. Dirjal; Kenneth A. Holbrook; Peter B. Wells


Book ID
102987084
Publisher
Elsevier Science
Year
1994
Tongue
English
Weight
590 KB
Volume
290
Category
Article
ISSN
0003-2670

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✦ Synopsis


Titrimetric methods and 31P NMR spectrometry have been compared for the determination of hypophosphite (H,PO;l and phosphite (I-IPO~-1 in both alkaline and acid solutions used in the electroless deposition of nickel-phosphorus alloys. It has been shown that reproducible and reliable redox titrimetric methods can be used to follow the changes in concentration of both species with time during the plating process. In addition, measurements of the phosphorus in the nickel deposit by conversion to phosphate in acidic solution and use of flow-injection analysis has enabled satisfactory phosphorus mass-balance in the system to be achieved.


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