โ Scribed by Jieli Chen; Zheng Gang Zhang; Yi Li; Ying Wang; Lei Wang; Hao Jiang; Chenling Zhang; Mei Lu; Mark Katakowski; Carolyn S. Feldkamp; Michael Chopp
No coin nor oath required. For personal study only.
We demonstrate that the 3โhydroxyโ3โmethylโglutarylโcoenzyme A (HMGโCoA) reductase inhibitors atorvastatin and simvastatin enhance functional outcome and induce brain plasticity when administered after stroke to rats. With atorvastatin treatment initiated 1 day after stroke, animals exhibited significant increases in vascular endothelial growth factor, cyclic guanosine monophosphate, angiogenesis, endogenous cell proliferation and neurogenesis, and an increase in the synaptic protein, synaptophysin. Atorvastatinโinduced angiogenesis in a tube formation assay was reduced by an antibody against the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (FIKโ1) and by the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, NโmonoโmethylโLโarginine (LโNAME). Atorvastatin also induced phosphorylation of Akt and Erk in cultured primary cortical neurons. These data indicate that atorvastatin induced brain plasticity and has neurorestorative activity after experimental stroke. Ann Neurol 2003
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