South Africa and the Law of the Sea

✍ Scribed by Patrick H.G. Vrancken, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University

• Publisher: Brill
• Year: 2011
• Tongue: English
• Leaves: 568
• Category: Library

✦ Synopsis

Being at the confluence of the Atlantic Ocean, the Indian Ocean and the Southern Ocean, South Africa plays a considerable role in the smooth running of maritime commerce and the diverse efforts to ensure the sustainable development of the marine environment. South Africa and the Law of the Sea brings together the many threads of the rich South African marine-law tapestry by covering both the public international law as context and the details of South African marine law and policy within their African framework. The result is a tool to foster implementation, co-ordination and further research at the domestic level as well as a platform to facilitate comparative work to strengthen Africas jurisprudence and influence in maritime matters.

✦ Table of Contents

Contents
Foreword
Preface
Acknowledgments
Abbreviations
Chapter One Introduction
1.1. The Geographical and Historical Background
1.2. The Place of International Law in South African Law
1.2.1. Treaties
(a) International Level
(b) Domestic Level
1.2.2. Customary International Law
1.2.3. Decisions of International Organisations
1.2.4. Statutory Interpretation
1.3. The Marine Component of the South African Territory
1.3.1. Introduction
1.3.2. International Law
1.3.3. South African Law
(a) Introduction
(b) Narrow Approach
(c) Broad Approach
1.3.4. Conclusion
1.4. Territorial Jurisdiction
1.4.1. National Sphere of Government
1.4.2. Provincial Sphere of Government
(a) Provincial Territory
(b) Legislative Jurisdiction
(c) Executive Jurisdiction
(d) Judicial Jurisdiction
1.4.3. Local Sphere of Government
(a) Municipal Territory
(b) Legislative Jurisdiction
(c) Executive Jurisdiction
(d) Judicial Jurisdiction
1.4.4. Cooperative Government
1.5. Extraterritorial Jurisdiction
1.5.1. Legislative Jurisdiction
1.5.2. Executive Jurisdiction
1.5.3. Judicial Jurisdiction
Chapter Two Islands and Antarctica
2.1. The South African Islands
2.1.1. Definition and Impact on Maritime Zones
2.1.2. Robben Island
2.1.3. Other Islands Near the Mainland
2.1.4. The Prince Edward Islands
(a) Introduction
(b) Acquisition
(c) Application of Law
(d) Status
2.2. Antarctica
2.2.1. Introduction
2.2.2. South African Citizens in Antarctica Act, 1962
2.2.3. Sea Birds and Seals Protection Act, 1973
2.2.4. Antarctic Treaties Act, 1996
Chapter Three Baselines
3.1. Introduction
3.2. Normal Baseline
3.3. Special Baselines
3.3.1. Straight Baselines
3.3.2. Harbours
3.3.3. Bays
3.3.4. River Mouths
3.3.5. Islands
3.3.6. Low-Tide Elevations
3.3.7. Reefs
3.4. Publicity
3.5. Conclusion
Chapter Four Internal Waters
4.1. Introduction
4.2. Seashore
4.3. Estuaries
4.4. Harbours
4.4.1. Introduction
4.4.2. Commercial Harbours
(a) National Ports Authority
(b) Ports Regulator
(c) Port Consultative Committees
(d) Service Providers
(e) Development and Maintenance of Ports
(f) Commercial Matters
(g) Operational Matters
4.4.3. Fishing Harbours
4.5. Entry into Internal Waters
4.5.1. Introduction
4.5.2. Harbours
4.5.3. Other Internal Waters
4.6. Jurisdiction
4.7. Departure from Internal Waters
Chapter Five Territorial Sea
5.1. Introduction
5.2. Innocent Passage
5.3. Jurisdiction
5.3.1. Introduction
5.3.2. Legislative Jurisdiction
5.3.3. Executive Jurisdiction
Chapter Six Contiguous Zone and Maritime Cultural Zone
6.1. Introduction
6.2. Customs and Fiscal Jurisdiction
6.3. Immigration Jurisdiction
6.4. Sanitary Jurisdiction
6.5. Archaeological and Historical Objects
Chapter Seven Exclusive Economic Zone and Continental Shelf
7.1. Historical Development
7.2. Exclusive Economic Zone
7.2.1. Status
7.2.2. Rights and Duties of South Africa
7.2.3. Rights and Duties of Other States
7.2.4. Artificial Islands, Installations, and Structures
7.3. Continental Shelf
7.3.1. Extent
7.3.2. Rights of South Africa
7.3.3. Duties of South Africa
Chapter Eight Delimitation of Maritime Boundaries
8.1. Introduction
8.2. Delimitation between South Africa and Namibia
8.3. Delimitation between South Africa and Mozambique
8.4. Delimitation between South Africa and France
Chapter Nine High Seas and the International Seabed Area
9.1. High Seas
9.1.1. Extent and Status
9.1.2. State Jurisdiction on the High Seas
(a) The Principle
(b) Exceptions
9.2. The International Seabed Area
9.2.1. Definition and Status
9.2.2. The International Seabed Authority
Chapter Ten Navigation
10.1. Introduction
10.2. Nationality of Ships
10.2.1. Evidence of Nationality
10.2.2. Genuine Link
10.3. South Africa As a Flag State
10.3.1. Register of Ships
10.3.2. Construction, Equipment, and Seaworthiness of Ships
10.3.3. Manning of Ships, Labour Conditions, and Training of Crews
10.3.4. Movement of Ships and Rescue
10.3.5. Inquiries into Shipping Casualties
10.4. South Africa As a Coastal State
10.4.1. Construction, Equipment, and Seaworthiness of Ships As Well As Manning of Ships, Labour Conditions, and Training of Crews
10.4.2. Movement of Ships, Navigational Aids, and Warning Service
10.4.3. Search, Rescue, and Salvage
Chapter Eleven Exploitation of Marine Resources
11.1. Living Resources
11.1.1. Zones under South African Jurisdiction
(a) Introduction
(b) International and Policy Context
(c) Objectives and Principles
(d) Application
(e) Management of Fisheries
(f) Technical Control Measures and Prohibited Activities
(g) Enforcement
(h) Marine Tourism
11.1.2. Areas beyond South African Jurisdiction
11.2. Non-Living Resources
11.2.1. Zones under South African Jurisdiction
11.2.2. Areas beyond South African Jurisdiction
Chapter Twelve Landlocked States
12.1. Introduction
12.2. Access to the Sea
12.3. Navigational Rights
12.4. Access to Marine Resources
Chapter Thirteen Protection of the Marine Environment
13.1. Introduction
13.2. Pollution from Vessels
13.2.1. Introduction
13.2.2. Flag State Jurisdiction
13.2.3. Coastal and Port State Jurisdiction
(a) Prescriptive Jurisdiction
(b) Response to Incidents
(c) Enforcement and Liability
13.3. Pollution by Dumping
13.4. Pollution from Seabed Activities
13.5. Pollution from Land-Based Sources
13.6. Atmospheric Pollution
Chapter Fourteen Maritime Security
14.1. Introduction
14.2. Military Uses of the Sea
14.2.1. Introduction
14.2.2. Military Uses in Peacetime
14.2.3. Demilitarisation of the Seas
14.3. Unlawful Non-Military Acts against Maritime Security
14.3.1. Introduction
14.3.2. 1979 International Convention against the Taking of Hostages
14.3.3. 1988 Convention for the Suppression of Unlawful Acts against the Safety of Maritime Navigation
14.3.4. 1988 Protocol for the Suppression of Unlawful Acts against the Safety of Fixed Platforms Located on the Continental Shelf
14.3.5. 1997 International Convention for the Suppression of Terrorist Bombings and Other Terrorism Instruments
14.3.6. 2000 Protocol against the Illicit Manufacturing of and Trafficking in Firearms, Their Parts and Components, and Ammunition Supplementing the UN Convention against Transnational Organised Crime
14.3.7. 2002 SOLAS Amendments and International Code for the Security of Ships and of Port Facilities
14.3.8. Piracy
International Agreements
Legislation
Cases
Bibliography
Index