a a( 14 N) values 450, 451, 475 a-eΒ€ect of nucleophiles 263 a values of solvent HBD acidity [468][469][470][471] 485,[494][495][496][497][498][499] 30, 55, 94, 475, 477, 504 Acenaphthylene, of 322, 329 Acetone 4, 98, 275, 382 Acetonitrile 98, 275 Acetophenone, hydrogenation of 533 Acetylacetone, keto/enol tautomerism of 122, 123, 531 Acetylchloride/aluminium trichloride adduct, ionization of 57 Acidity constants 113-120 Acidity scales 113-120 Acity of solvents 501-503 Acrylonitrile, as 1,3-dipolarophile 211 Activated complexes 167-171, 337, 338 -dipolar 180, 192-206 -free-radical 181, 220-235 -isopolar 180, 181, 206-219 -solvent activity coeβ°cients 278-282 Activity coeβ°cients 108, 112, 113 1-and 2-Adamantyl tosylate, solvolysis of 299, 441-444 Addition reactions, solvent eΒ€ects on 194-197, 272, 302, 303 Alcohols, acidity and basicity of 116, 117 Aldol addition reaction, solvent eΒ€ects on 202, 203 Alkahest 1 Alkene hydroformylation 529 Alkene isomerization reaction, solvent eΒ€ects on 277 t-Alkoxy radicals, decomposition of 233, 234 Alkyl amines, basicity anomaly of 119-121 O/C Alkylation ration, solvent eΒ€ects on 292-297 Alkyl chlorosulfites, thermolysis of 206 Alkylidenephosphoranes, Wittig reaction of 214, 215, 284, 285 Allopolarization principle 296 Allyl silylmethyl ethers, dyotropic rearrangement of 219 Allyl thionbenzoates, sigmatropic rearrangement of 217 Allyl 4-tolyl ether, Claisen rearrangement of 216, 217 Allyl 4-tolyl sulfoxide, thermal racemization of 203, 486, 488 Ambident anions 292-296 Ambident cations 292, 297 Ambifunctional anions 293-296 a-Amino acids, intramolecular proton-transfer equilibrium 118 4-Amino-5-methylacridine, proton-transfer equilibrium of 138 Amphiphiles 48, 317-326 Amphiprotic solvents 22, 89, 110 Anomeric eΒ€ect, solvent-dependence of 146 Anthracene, Diels-Alder cycloaddition reaction of 208 9-Anthrone, keto/enol tautomerism of 127, 128 Antimony pentachloride/adduct formation with EPD solvents 26-28 Apolar non-HBD solvents 96, 97, 103, 104 Apolar solvents 79, 80, 103, 104, 462 Aprotic solvents 21, 89, 96, 97, 103, 104 Arabinose, ring/chain tautomerism of 134 Aromatic compounds, 360 -p-electronic structure 360, 361 -UV/Vis spectra 361 Aromatic solvent-induced shift (ASIS), -camphor 420 -2-methylcyclohexanone 419 -pulegone 420 -with hexafluorobenzene 421 Arrhenius theory of reaction kinetics 167 1-Arylethyl tosylates, solvolysis of 300 Atom-transfer reactions 181, 228-233, 244, 245 Autoprotolysis constants 88, 90, 574-577 Autoxidation reaction of hydrocarbons 230 7-Azidocycloheptatriene/tropylium azide, ionization equilibrium 57, 141 3-Azidopyrazine-1-oxide, valence isomerization of 151 2-Azidothiazole, valence isomerization of 151 Azoalkanes, thermolysis of 221, 223, 224, 332, 334 Azobisisobutyronitrile, thermolysis of 220, 221, 230, 333, 334 Azo coupling reactions, solvent eΒ€ects on 193 Azomethane, photolysis of 332 [1,1 0 ]Azonorbornane, cis/trans-isomerization of 223 b B values of Lewis basicity 491-494 B MeOD values 473, 492, 493 B PhOH values 474