Social Simulation: Technologies, Advances and New Discoveries

✍ Scribed by Bruce Edmonds, Bruce Edmonds, Cesareo Hernandez, Klaus G. Troitzsch

• Publisher: IGI Global
• Year: 2007
• Tongue: English
• Leaves: 403
• Series: Premier Reference
• Edition: 1
• Category: Library

✦ Synopsis

The simulation of social behavior in a variety of domains is an increasingly important technological tool.

eference survey of social simulation work, Social Simulation: Technologies, Advances and New Discoveries comprehensively collects the most exciting developments in the field. Drawing research contributions from a vibrant community of experts on social simulation, this Premier Reference Source provides a set of unique and innovative approaches, ranging from agent-based modeling to empirically based simulations, as well as applications in business, governmental, scientific, and other contexts. This book will be a significant reference tool for researchers, educators, and practitioners in such fields as sociology, geography, economics, environmental science, artificial intelligence, machine learning, computer engineering, and networks, and a valuable, interdisciplinary addition to academic libraries.

✦ Table of Contents

COVER PAGE......Page 1
Title: SOCIAL SIMULATION: TECHNOLOGIES, ADVANCES, AND NEW DISCOVERIES......Page 2
ISBN 1599045222......Page 3
TABLE OF CONTENTS (with page links)......Page 4
DETAILED TABLE OF CONTENTS......Page 7
INTRODUCTION......Page 16
THE CHAPTERS......Page 18
REFERENCES......Page 24
SECTION I THE MODEL-ORIENTED......Page 25
INTRODUCTION......Page 26
MODEL......Page 28
RESULTS......Page 30
STABILITY......Page 31
THE RELATIVE IMPORTANCE OF FAIRNESS, COMMITMENT, AND CAPABILITY......Page 32
DISCUSSION......Page 33
REFERENCES......Page 34
ENDNOTES......Page 36
APPENDIX A: PARAMETER VALUES USED IN THE SIMULATION......Page 37
INTRODUCTION......Page 38
PRIOR AGENT-BASED MODELS OF INCOME TAX EVASION1......Page 39
TAXPAYER REPORTING DECISION......Page 41
AUDIT RISK PERCEPTION......Page 42
TAXPAYER AGENT AGE AND INCOME CHARACTERISTICS......Page 43
RUNNING A SIMULATION AND AGENT VISUALIZATION......Page 44
REPRESENTATIVE VS. HETEROGENEOUS AGENTS......Page 45
INCOME VISIBILITY......Page 46
SOCIAL NETWORK SIZE......Page 47
SUMMARY AND FUTURE RESEARCH......Page 48
REFERENCES......Page 49
NOTE......Page 50
INTRODUCTION......Page 51
METAMIMETIC GAMES......Page 53
THE SET OF STRATEGIES......Page 56
EMERGENCE OF SOCIAL GROUPS AND COOPERATION......Page 58
THE INFLUENCE OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONSTRAINTS......Page 59
METARULES LEVEL......Page 60
COUNTERFACTUAL STABILITY AND SELF-ORGANIZATION OF ENDS......Page 61
REFERENCES......Page 65
ENDNOTES......Page 66
APPENDIX......Page 67
INTRODUCTION......Page 68
GAUSSIAN BOUNDED CONFIDENCE WITH INFLUENCE OF UNCERTAINTY (GBCU)......Page 70
COMPUTATION OF THE MASTER EQUATION......Page 72
GLOBAL ALGORITHM......Page 73
COMPARING THE DISTRIBUTION DYNAMICS WITH AGENT-BASED SIMULATIONS......Page 74
PATTERNS OF ATTRACTORS IN THE PARAMETER SPACE......Page 75
SINGLE EXTREME ATTRACTOR......Page 78
DOUBLE EXTREME ATTRACTOR......Page 80
DISCUSSION–CONCLUSION......Page 83
REFERENCES......Page 84
INTRODUCTION......Page 86
THE SIMULATION THE GENERAL STRUCTURE......Page 87
THE ENVIRONMENT AND TASK......Page 88
THE JOURNAL......Page 89
LIMITATION AND EXTENSIONS......Page 90
CONCLUSION......Page 91
ENDNOTES......Page 92
INTRODUCTION......Page 93
SOME PREVIOUS TAG MODELS......Page 94
MUTATION IN THE MODELS......Page 95
TESTING THE HYPOTHESIS......Page 97
PARAMETERS USED IN THE MODEL......Page 98
FURTHER RESULTS......Page 99
CONCLUSION......Page 103
REFERENCES......Page 104
ENDNOTES......Page 105
INTRODUCTION......Page 106
THE FEARLUS MODEL......Page 107
IMPROVING FEARLUS’S LAND MARKET REPRESENTATION......Page 110
INNOVATE OR IMITATE?......Page 111
THE EFFECT OF LAND MARKET MODELLING DESCRIPTION OF ELMM......Page 113
EXPERIMENTS WITH ELMM......Page 115
TYPE EXPERIMENTS......Page 116
DISCUSSION......Page 119
CONCLUSION......Page 120
REFERENCES......Page 121
INTRODUCTION......Page 123
INTRODUCING COMMUNICATION: SOCIAL NETWORKS AND GRAPHS......Page 125
THE SIMULATION FRAMEWORK......Page 126
ASYNCHRONOUS COMMUNICATION......Page 127
SYNCHRONOUS COMMUNICATION......Page 129
MEMORY AND REWARDING......Page 130
OPINION LEADERS: DECISIONAL POWER......Page 132
RESULTS WITH OL......Page 134
LOCAL MINORITIES......Page 135
REFERENCES......Page 137
WHERE ARE WE NOW? MODELLING ACROSS LEVELS......Page 140
THE CONCEPTS OF LEVEL AND AUTONOMY......Page 141
PROBABILISTIC GRAPHICAL MODELS......Page 142
DECOMPOSITION OF JOINT PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTIONS......Page 143
INFERENCE IN GRAPHICAL MODELS......Page 144
BRIEF MODEL DESCRIPTION......Page 145
HIGHER LEVEL......Page 146
PROSPECTS: EMPLOYING THE METHODOLOGY......Page 147
REFERENCES......Page 148
ENDNOTES......Page 149
THE PROBLEM......Page 151
THE TARGET PHENOMENON......Page 152
THE SIMULATION MODEL......Page 153
ACTIONS......Page 154
ROBUSTNESS AGAINST CHEATERS......Page 155
CREDIT NETWORK......Page 156
FINDINGS......Page 157
SECOND STUDY: DYNAMIC GOAL-DIRECTED AGENTS......Page 158
FINDINGS......Page 159
CONCLUSION......Page 160
REFERENCES......Page 161
ABSTRACT......Page 163
INTRODUCTION A COMPREHENSIVE MODEL OF SOCIAL AND NATURAL ASPECTS OF A RIVER BASIN: THE DANUBIA SYSTEM......Page 164
RECONSTRUCTING DECISIONS: A DEEP MODEL OF DECISION PROCESSES OF WATER-RELATED BEHAVIOUR......Page 165
DECISION MAKING......Page 167
A SCENARIO RUN OF THE DEEPHOUSEHOLD MODEL......Page 170
CONCLUSION......Page 172
REFERENCES......Page 173
ENDNOTE......Page 174
SECTION II THE EMPIRICALLY-ORIENTED......Page 175
INTRODUCTION......Page 176
GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF THE MODELS......Page 177
FIRST MODEL: PASSAGE FROM MICROSCOPIC TO MESOSCOPIC LEVEL......Page 178
ATTRACTION/REPULSION FORCE......Page 179
ALGORITHM OF GROUP FORMATION......Page 180
EVOLUTION OF HOUSEHOLD-POPULATION AND HOUSING-STOCK......Page 181
DESCRIPTION OF EVOLUTION RULES......Page 182
COMPUTER MODEL......Page 183
SECOND MODEL: PASSAGE FROM MESOSCOPIC TO MACROSCOPIC LEVEL......Page 184
MATRICES OF PREFERENCES AND COST-OF-MOVING......Page 185
SELLER BEHAVIOUR (URBAN-SECTOR)......Page 186
GROUP EVOLUTION......Page 187
DESCRIPTION AND VALIDITY OF THE GROUPS......Page 188
SIMULATION RESULTS FOR THE MOBILITY MECHANISM......Page 190
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION......Page 191
REFERENCES......Page 192
ENDNOTE......Page 193
INTRODUCTION......Page 194
BEHAVIOURAL FINANCE AND SOCIAL SIMULATION......Page 196
THE “BASIC MODEL” WITH RATIONAL AGENTS......Page 197
VALIDATION OF THE MODEL BASED ON LEBARON’S RESULTS......Page 198
THE SPANISH STOCK MARKET......Page 199
THE GAP BETWEEN THE IBEX-35 AND THE “BASIC MODEL”......Page 200
THE ROLE OF RISK AVERSION AND PSYCHOLOGICAL INVESTORS......Page 201
TECHNICAL TRADING......Page 202
CONCLUSION......Page 203
REFERENCES......Page 204
INTRODUCTION......Page 205
AGENTS’ BEHAVIOUR AND LEARNING......Page 207
THE SIMULATIONS AND SOME SELECTED RESULTS......Page 208
THE MAIN FINDINGS......Page 210
EMISSIONS PERMITS PRICE FORECASTS FOR THE SPANISH CO2 ET......Page 211
THE MODEL......Page 212
CONCLUSION......Page 213
REFERENCES......Page 215
INTRODUCTION......Page 217
THEORY NEGOTIATIONS INVOLVING MULTIPLE PARTIES......Page 218
PEER COORDINATION IN INTERGOVERNMENTAL POLICY NETWORKS......Page 219
MECHANISMS OF PEER SELECTION......Page 221
THE EU INTERGOVERNMENTAL CONFERENCE 1996......Page 222
FURTHER BACKGROUNDS OF THEORIZING......Page 223
BASIC MODEL......Page 224
MECHANISMS OF PEER SELECTION......Page 226
MODEL RESULTS......Page 227
DISCUSSION......Page 228
REFERENCES......Page 229
INTRODUCTION......Page 232
THE STATE OF ART: RELATIONSHIP WITH THE EXISTING WORKS......Page 234
BETTER MODELS OF AGGREGATED OR REGIONAL POLICY EFFECT......Page 236
THE EFFECT OF HA AND POLICY SUGGESTIONS......Page 239
THE ANALYSIS OF THE SIMULATIONS’ RESULTS......Page 240
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF A POLICY LANDSCAPE APPROACH FOR REGIONAL FISCAL POLICY......Page 243
REFERENCES......Page 245
ENDNOTES......Page 247
INTRODUCTION......Page 249
DESCRIPTION OF AN AGENT-BASED FINANCIAL MARKET MODEL......Page 250
FORECASTING MODELS OF ACTIVE INVESTORS......Page 251
TRADING WITH FUNDAMENTALIST AND PASSIVE INVESTORS......Page 252
TRADING WITH FUNDAMENTALISTS, PASSIVE INVESTORS, OVERCONFIDENT INVESTORS, AND INVESTORS WITH PROSPECT THEORY......Page 257
REFERENCES......Page 260
SELECTION OF INVESTORS WHO CHANGE THEIR INVESTMENT STRATEGIES......Page 262
SELECTION OF NEW STRATEGY......Page 263
INTRODUCTION......Page 264
DIFFUSION PROCESSES......Page 265
THE AGENT MODEL......Page 266
MODELLING THE DIFFUSION TECHNIQUES......Page 267
METHOD OF THE EMPIRICAL INVESTIGATION......Page 268
DATA FOR THE DIFFUSION MEASURES AND SIMULATION RUNS......Page 269
“WHAT IF” SCENARIOS......Page 271
DISCUSSION......Page 274
REFERENCES......Page 275
INTRODUCTION......Page 277
RELATED WORK CLASSICAL THEORIES OF MONEY......Page 278
BASIC CONCEPT OF MODELLING (NO.1 MODEL)......Page 279
DIFFERENCES IN CREDIBILITY OF GOODS (NO.2 MODEL)......Page 281
DIFFERENCE IN COMMUNICATION DISTANCE BETWEEN AGENTS (NO.4 MODEL)......Page 282
SIMULATION RESULTS THE EMERGENCE OF MONEY (NO.1 MODEL)......Page 283
IMPACT OF THE SPATIAL CONSTRAINT ON THE EMERGENCE OF MONEY (NO.3 MODEL)......Page 285
REFERENCES......Page 287
SECTION III THE PARTICIPANT AND EXPERIMENTALLY-ORIENTED......Page 289
INTRODUCTION......Page 290
THE GAME......Page 291
THE MODEL......Page 292
THE SELF-MODELLING PROCESS......Page 295
THE GAME OF FRIENDS THE STORY......Page 296
DIFFERENT GAMES......Page 297
MODERATE BEHAVIOUR......Page 298
THE STORY BEHIND THE GAME......Page 300
IMPORTANT SIMILARITIES......Page 301
CONCLUSION......Page 302
REFERENCES......Page 303
ENDNOTE......Page 304
INTRODUCTION......Page 305
EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN......Page 307
COMMUNICATION AND DISCUSSION AMONG AGENTS......Page 308
TEAM SELECTION BEHAVIOR......Page 310
SOCIAL LEADERSHIP BEHAVIOR......Page 311
EXPANDING PROJECT AGENTS POPULATION......Page 312
SOCIAL LEADERSHIP EFFECTS......Page 313
RESULT DISCUSSION......Page 314
CONCLUSION......Page 317
REFERENCES......Page 318
INTRODUCTION......Page 319
KNOWLEDGE INTEGRATION AND LEARNING IN WORKING ENVIRONMENTS......Page 320
AN AGENT-BASED MODEL OF KNOWLEDGE INTEGRATION DEFINING AGENTS’ KNOWLEDGE PROFILES AND SYSTEM KNOWLEDGE PROFILE......Page 322
DEFINING AGENTS’ WORKING ENVIRONMENT......Page 324
DEFINING PROBLEMS......Page 325
AGENT PROBLEM-SOLVING STEP......Page 326
EXPERIMENTAL SET-UP......Page 327
FINDINGS AND INTERPRETATIONS......Page 328
SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS......Page 329
PEER SELECTION STRATEGIES AND SYSTEM PERFORMANCE......Page 330
CONCLUSION......Page 331
REFERENCES......Page 333
ENDNOTES......Page 334
INTRODUCTION......Page 336
DA INSTITUTION AND EXPERIMENTAL MARKET DOUBLE AUCTION MARKETS RULES......Page 337
MULTI-AGENT MODELS AND EXPERIMENTAL ECONOMICS......Page 339
MODEL AND SIMULATIONS OF DA MARKET ARTIFICIAL SETTING AND AGENTS’ LEARNING......Page 340
SIMULATIONS AND INITIALISATION......Page 342
RESULTS......Page 343
REFERENCES......Page 346
INTRODUCTION......Page 348
LITERATURE REVIEW......Page 349
METHODOLOGY......Page 350
CASE STUDY OVERVIEW......Page 352
MODEL DESIGN......Page 353
SIMULATION OF SCENARIOS......Page 356
DISCUSSION......Page 361
CONCLUSION......Page 363
REFERENCES......Page 364
ENDNOTES......Page 366
COMPILATION OF REFERENCES......Page 367
ABOUT THE CONTRIBUTORS......Page 389
D......Page 399
I......Page 400
N......Page 401
S......Page 402
Z......Page 403