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ideals and the outlook on life of the Irish surgeons during the last. century were widely different from those of their English and Scotch contemporaries. Dublin, like Edinburgh, was the home of a highly-cultivated and select circle in which members of t.he medical profession were prominent ; in London they had no siicli advantage. In Dublin the life must have been pleasanter than in Edinburgh ; there was less formality ; sport and convivial meetings occupied much time; and if the odium medicum was as prevalent in Ireland as in Edinburgh, it vented it,sclf in a duel and a reconciliation rather than in a. war of pamphlets. It is not surprising, therefore, if the influence of the great Irish surgeons was individual rather than general ; if it was the result of personality more than of the writings which they left behind them. Yet they exercised a very real influence on the progress of surgery, an influence which extended from them through their piipils to the surgeons in Great Britain.
Sir Philip Crampton was a member of the band of Irish surgeons who made Dublin famous. He belonged to a family which migrated originally from South Cottinghani in Nottinghamshire and settled in Ireland in the reign of King Charles 11. Born in Dublin on June 7, 1777, he was the youngest son of John Crampton-who lived in Merrion Square, where lie had built up a lucrative dental practice-and Anne, daughter of James Verner. At the age of 14 young Crampton was apprenticed to Solomon Richards, who was four times President of the Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, and was reputed to be the fattest surgeon in the TJnited Kingdom. He thus began his professional career a t the College School in Mercer Strcct and at the M a t h Hospital, to which Richards was attached as surgeon. I n 1798-the year of the Irish Rebellion
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