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Self-Constitution: Agency, Identity, and Integrity

✍ Scribed by Christine M. Korsgaard


Publisher
Oxford University Press, USA
Year
2009
Tongue
English
Leaves
245
Category
Library

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✦ Synopsis


Christine M. Korsgaard presents an account of the foundation of practical reason and moral obligation. Moral philosophy aspires to understand the fact that human actions, unlike the actions of the other animals, can be morally good or bad, right or wrong. Few moral philosophers, however, have exploited the idea that actions might be morally good or bad in virtue of being good or bad of their kind - good or bad as actions. Just as we need to know that it is the function of the heart to pump blood to know that a good heart is one that pumps blood successfully, so we need to know what the function of an action is in order to know what counts as a good or bad action. Drawing on the work of Plato, Aristotle, and Kant, Korsgaard proposes that the function of an action is to constitute the agency and therefore the identity of the person who does it. As rational beings, we are aware of, and therefore in control of, the principles that govern our actions. A good action is one that constitutes its agent as the autonomous and efficacious cause of her own movements. These properties correspond, respectively, to Kant's two imperatives of practical reason. Conformity to the categorical imperative renders us autonomous, and conformity to the hypothetical imperative renders us efficacious. And in determining what effects we will have in the world, we are at the same time determining our own identities. Korsgaard develops a theory of action and of interaction, and of the form interaction must take if we are to have the integrity that, she argues, is essential for agency. On the basis of that theory, she argues that only morally good action can serve the function of action, which is self-constitution.

✦ Table of Contents


Contents......Page 8
Abbreviations for Frequently Cited Works......Page 10
Preface......Page 12
1.1 Necessitation......Page 16
1.2 Acts and Actions......Page 23
1.3 Aristotle and Kant......Page 29
1.4 Agency and Practical Identity......Page 33
2.1 Constitutive Standards......Page 42
2.2 The Constitution of Life......Page 50
2.3 In Defense of Teleology......Page 52
2.4 The Paradox of Self-Constitution......Page 56
3.1 Formal versus Substantive......Page 60
3.2 Testing versus Weighing......Page 64
3.3 Maximizing and Prudence......Page 67
4.1 The Empiricist Account of Normativity......Page 74
4.2 The Rationalist Account of Normativity......Page 79
4.3 Kant on the Hypothetical Imperative......Page 83
4.4 Against Particularistic Willing......Page 87
4.5 Deciding and Predicting......Page 91
5.1 The Function of Action......Page 96
5.2 The Possibility of Agency......Page 99
5.3 Non-Rational Action......Page 105
5.4 Action......Page 108
5.5 Attribution......Page 115
5.6 The Psychology of Action......Page 119
6.1 Instinct, Emotion, Intelligence, and Reason......Page 124
6.2 The Parts of the Soul......Page 132
6.3 Inside or Outside?......Page 137
6.4 Pull Yourself Together......Page 140
7.1 Two Models of the Soul......Page 148
7.2 The City and the Soul......Page 150
7.3 Platonic Virtues......Page 157
7.4 Justice: Substantive, Procedural, and Platonic......Page 163
7.5 Kant and the Constitutional Model......Page 168
8.1 The Problem of Bad Action......Page 174
8.2 Being Governed by the Wrong Law......Page 176
8.3 Four or Five Bad Constitutions......Page 180
8.4 Conceptions of Evil......Page 185
8.5 Degrees of Action......Page 189
9.1 Deciding to be Bad......Page 192
9.2 The Ordinary Cases......Page 195
9.3 Dealing with the Disunified......Page 199
9.4 Kant’s Theory of Interaction......Page 203
9.5 My Reasons......Page 212
9.6 Deciding to Treat Someone as an End in Himself......Page 215
9.7 Interacting with Yourself......Page 217
10.1 What’s Left of Me?......Page 222
10.2 Conclusion......Page 227
Bibliography......Page 230
A......Page 234
C......Page 235
D......Page 236
F......Page 237
H......Page 238
I......Page 239
L......Page 240
O......Page 241
R......Page 242
S......Page 243
W......Page 244


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