Science, Space, Society: An Overview of the Social Production of Knowledge

✍ Scribed by Olaf Kühne, Karsten Berr

• Publisher: Springer
• Year: 2022
• Tongue: English
• Leaves: 257
• Category: Library

✦ Synopsis

This volume provides a basic introduction to the philosophy of science and its central concepts, theories, and philosophical, scientific, and spatial positions and approaches.

✦ Table of Contents

Preface
Contents
1 Introduction
1.1 Basic Principles and Structure of the Book
1.2 The Scientific World View in the Knowledge Society
References
2 Logical Propaedeutic
2.1 Semiotics
2.1.1 Terms
2.1.2 Definitions
2.1.3 Concept Analysis and Concept Explanation
2.1.4 Intension and Extension
2.2 Statements
2.2.1 Statement-logical Connections
2.2.2 Contradiction, Tautology, Contingency
2.3 Arguments
2.3.1 Basic Components of an Argument
2.3.2 Inductive and Deductive Conclusions
2.3.3 The Hempel-Oppenheim Schema
2.3.4 The Abductive Conclusion
2.4 Fallacies
2.4.1 Formal Fallacies
2.4.2 Violation of a Rule of Reasonable Thinking and Arguing
2.4.3 Weak Reasons
2.4.4 Naturalistic and Normativist Fallacy
References
3 Philosophy of Science—Philosophical Foundations and Positions
3.1 Philosophical Basics
3.1.1 Theory of Science and Other Sciences of Science
3.1.2 Criteria of Scientificity
3.1.3 Truth Theories
3.1.3.1 Correspondence Theory
3.1.3.2 Coherence Theory
3.1.3.3 Consensus Theory
3.1.3.4 Pragmatic Truth Theory
3.2 Essentialism
3.2.1 The Platonic-Aristotelian Tradition of Essentialism
3.2.2 Normative Consequences of Essentialism
3.3 Empiricism, Inductivism and the Principle of Causality
3.3.1 Preparation of Empiricism by Criticism of Prejudice and Induction: Francis Bacon
3.3.2 Empiricism’s Justification Through a Return to the Experiential Origin of All Knowledge: John Locke
3.3.3 Exaggeration of Empiricism in the Form of Immaterialism: George Berkeley
3.3.4 The Limits of Empiricism, the Principle of Causality and the Induction: David Hume
3.4 Positivism, Ideal- and Normalsprache and Logischer Empirismus
3.4.1 Positivism
3.4.2 Ideal and Normal Language
3.4.3 Neopositivism or Logical Empiricism of the “Vienna Circle”: Verification Problem and Induction Problem
3.4.4 Criterion of Meaning and Pseudo-Problems
3.4.5 Physics as a Unified Science
3.5 Pragmatism and Hermeneutics
3.5.1 Pragmatism
3.5.2 Hermeneutics
3.6 Falsificationism: Karl Popper
References
4 The Contextualization of Science I: Time
4.1 Karl Popper as the High Point and Culmination of Classical Philosophy of Science
4.2 Paradigm Shift: Thomas S. Kuhn
4.3 Theory Dynamics and ‘Sophisticated Falsificationism’: Imre Lakatos
4.4 Research Traditions: Larry Laudan
4.5 Methodological Pluralism: Paul Feyerabend
References
5 The Contextualization of Science II: Social Affinity
5.1 The Social Embeddedness of Knowledge: Sociology of Knowledge
5.2 On the Genesis of Scientific Facts: Ludwik Fleck
5.3 Sociology of Science
5.4 Science and Politics: From World Views and the Mutual Dependence of Science and Politics Today
5.4.1 Political Ideational Systems and Their Implications on the Evaluation of Spaces: Socialism, Liberalism and Conservatism
5.4.2 The Transition from Mode 1 to Mode 2 Science
References
6 Conceptions of Space and Theories of Spaces
6.1 ‘Space 1’ Understandings: Container or Container Space, the Relational Space and the Space-Time Continuum
6.2 The Focus ‘Space 2’: Space as a Priori in Kant’s Understanding of Space
6.3 ‘Space 3’: The Social Production of Space—Spaces in Radical Constructivism and Discourse Theory
6.4 The Dominance of ‘Space 3’ Over ‘Space 1’: The Inscription of System Logics and the Domestication of Spaces
6.5 The Interaction of ‘Space 2’ and ‘Space 3’: The Social Constructivist Understanding of Space or Landscape
6.6 The Individual Experience: ‘Space 2’ Between ‘Space 1’ and ‘Space 3’—Phenomenology
6.7 The Relations of Space 2 to Spaces 1 and 3: Space as a Result of Action—Benno Werlen
6.8 The Powerful Inscriptions of Society in Space 1: The Space Theory of Pierre Bourdieu
6.9 The Shift in Perspective from the Separate Consideration of Space 1 and Space 3 to an Integrated Thirdspace—Edward Soja
6.10 More-than-Representational Approaches: Assemblage Theory and Actor-Network Theory
6.11 Everything Back to Synthesis? Neopragmatic Understandings of Space
References
7 Developmental Lines and Breaks in Geography—Outline of a History of the Discipline
References
8 Conclusion
References
References