Based on Mulkay's and Kuhn's models of change in sci-
and Cottrill (1990, p. 163) note that despite a common entific structure, a scientific communication model of focus on technological innovation and certain points of the emergence of a hybrid research area was developed intersection among selected authors, the literatures of and tested in the field of developmental dyslexia. Data technology transfer and the diffusion of innovations reincluded co-citation data on 74 dyslexia researchers at main relatively distinct. Similarly, Borgman and Rice three points in time, who-to-whom communication network data, survey responses, resumes, association and (1992) find less bibliometric evidence for convergence biographical sources, online reference and citation databetween the literatures of information science and combases, publications, grant databases, and telephone inmunication than other commentators suggest, although terviews. Researchers were partitioned into ''blocks'' of citation links between the areas appear to be increasing similar scientists on the basis of co-citation and commuover time. Such changes (or stability) in scientific strucnication relations, compared on selected network-level and individual-level characteristics in order to validate tures may have implications for the reception of interdisblock labels, and situated historically in the politics and ciplinary research (e.g., see Pierce, 1990), the developadvances surrounding the problem area. Results show ment of departmental structures and scholarly publishing support for Mulkay's model of branching instead of (see Borgman & Rice, 1992), the discovery of new Kuhn's model of scientific revolution. Evidence points to knowledge (see Swanson, 1990), and improved theoretidivergence rather than convergence among the related research areas, but suggests the need for longitudinal cal understanding of the process of change in science. follow-up in order to rule out the impact of the inertia Citation studies are only one approach to studying the of aggregate co-citation data. Implications for theory, process of change in scholarly fields. Others include hismethodology, and research are discussed. torical research, ethnographic case studies, and many other techniques. But citation studies can be particularly * To whom all correspondence should be addressed.
investigation of both the perceived cognitive and social structures of science, commenting that this possible inter-