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Risk factors for neuropsychiatric symptoms in dementia: the Cache County Study

✍ Scribed by M. Steinberg; C. Corcoran; J.T. Tschanz; C. Huber; K. Welsh-Bohmer; M.C. Norton; P. Zandi; J.C.S. Breitner; D.C. Steffens; C.G. Lyketsos

Publisher: John Wiley and Sons
Year: 2006
Tongue: English
Weight: 81 KB
Volume: 21
Category: Article
ISSN: 0885-6230
DOI: 10.1002/gps.1567

No coin nor oath required. For personal study only.

✦ Synopsis

Abstract

Objective

To investigate the probability of individual neuropsychiatric symptoms in dementia patients as a function of eight risk factors.

Methods

In the Cache County Study, we administered the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) to 328 dementia patients at baseline. Approximately 18 months later, we re‐administered the NPI to 184 participants available for follow‐up. Generalized estimating equation methods were used to model the probability of individual neuropsychiatric symptoms as a function of: gender, age, education, dementia type and severity, APOE status, time of observation, and general medical health.

Results

Women showed increased tendency toward anxiety, [odds ratio (OR) 2.22, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.31–3.76] and delusions (OR 2.15, CI 1.22–3.78), but older persons of both sexes showed less tendency toward anxiety. Dementia severity increased the tendency toward hallucinations and agitation (OR 2.42, CI 1.81–3.23) and decreased risk of depression. Positive APOE ε4 status increased the tendency toward aberrant motor behavior (OR 1.84, CI 1.05–3.22). Among dementia diagnoses, those with Alzheimer's disease showed decreased tendency toward agitation (OR 0.58, CI 0.35–0.95), depression (OR 0.56, CI 0.33–0.96) and disinhibition (OR 0.46, CI 0.24–0.88). Later time of observation increased risk of aberrant motor behavior and delusions, and more serious medical comorbidity increased risk of, agitation, irritability, disinhibition, and aberrant motor behavior.

Conclusions

Gender, age, dementia severity, APOE ε4, dementia diagnosis, time of observation, and general medical health appear to influence the occurrence of individual neuropsychiatric symptoms. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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