✍ Scribed by Michael Shearer; David G. Schaeffer
No coin nor oath required. For personal study only.
The equations of motion for two-dimensional deformations of an incompressible elastoplastic material involve five equations, two equations expressing conservation of momentum, and three constitutive laws, which we take in the rate form, i.e. relating the stress rate to the strain rate. In hypoplasticity, the constitutive laws are homogeneous of degree one in the stress and strain rates. This property has the consequence that although the equations are not in conservation form, there is nonetheless a natural way to characterize planar shock waves. The Riemann problem is the initial value problem for plane waves, in which the initial data for stress and velocity consist of two constant vectors separated by a single discontinuity. The main result is that, under appropriate assumptions, the Riemann problem has a scale invariant piecewise constant solution. The issue of uniqueness is left unresolved. Indeed, we give an example satisfying the conditions for existence, for which there are many solutions. Using asymptotics, we show how solutions of the Riemann problem are approximated by smooth solutions of a system regularized by the addition of viscous terms that preserve the property of scale invariance.
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