Contents
Series list
Introduction
References
Chapter 1 Biology and ecology of rice-feeding insects: root and stem feeders
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Mole cricket, Gryllotalpa africana Palisot de Beauvois (Orthoptera: Gryllotalpidae)
1.3 Root aphids, Tetraneura nigriabdominalis (Sasaki)
1.4 Rice root aphid, Rhopalosiphum rufiabdominale (Sasaki) (Hemiptera: Aphididae)
1.5 Rice mealybug, Brevennia rehi (Lindinger) (Homoptera: Pseudococcidae)
1.6 Black bugs, Scotinophara coarctata (Fabricius), S. lurida (Burmeister) (Fig. 1.5), S. latiuscula Breddin, and S. sorsogonensis Barrion, Joshi, Barrion-Dupo & Sebastian (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae)
1.7 Rice stalk stink bug, Tibraca limbativentris (Stål) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae)
1.8 Chinch bug, Blissus leucopterus leucopterus (Say) (Hemiptera: Blissidae)
1.9 Rice seed midges, Cricotopus sylvestris (F.), Paralauterborniella subcincta and Paratanytarsus sp. (Diptera: Chironomidae)
1.10 Rice stem maggot, Chlorops oryzae Matsumura (Diptera: Chloropidae)
1.11 Rice seedling flies, Atherigona exigua Stein and Atherigona oryzae Malloch (Diptera: Muscidae)
1.12 Black beetles, Heteronychus mossambicus Peringuey (= H. oryzae Britton); Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae
1.13 ‘Chafers’ (white grubs), Leucopholis irrorata (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae, Melolonthinae)
1.14 Colaspis beetles, Colaspis brunnea and Colaspis louisianae (Say) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)
1.15 Rice root weevil, Echinocnemus oryzae Marshall (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)
1.16 Rice plant weevil, Echinocnemus squameus Billberg (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)
1.17 Paddy root weevil, Hydronomidius molitor Faust (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)
1.18 Rice water weevil (Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus Kuschel) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)
1.19 Gorgulho aquático do arroz (Oryzophagus oryzae)
1.20 Rice water weevil (Afroryzophilus djibai Lyal) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)
1.21 African subterranean termites, Macrotermes (Macrotermes bellicosus (Smeathman), Pseudacanthotermes militaris (Hagen)); Microtermes (Microcerotermes parvus (Haviland), Armitermes evuncifer Silvestri, Trinervitermes oeconomus (Tragardh)) (Isoptera: Te
1.22 South American root-feeding termites, Procornitermes triacifer, P. araujoi and Syntermes molestus (Isoptera: Termitidae)
1.23 References
1.2 Mole cricket, Gryllotalpa africana Palisot de Beauvois (Orthoptera: Gryllotalpidae)
1.3 Root aphids, Tetraneura nigriabdominalis (Sasaki)
1.4 Rice root aphid, Rhopalosiphum rufiabdominale (Sasaki) (Hemiptera: Aphididae)
1.5 Rice mealybug, Brevennia rehi (Lindinger) (Homoptera: Pseudococcidae)
1.6 Black bugs, Scotinophara coarctata (Fabricius), S. lurida (Burmeister) (Fig. 1.5), S. latiuscula Breddin, and S. sorsogonensis Barrion, Joshi, Barrion-Dupo & Sebastian (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae)
1.7 Rice stalk stink bug, Tibraca limbativentris (Stål) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae)
1.8 Chinch bug, Blissus leucopterus leucopterus (Say) (Hemiptera: Blissidae)
1.9 Rice seed midges, Cricotopus sylvestris (F.), Paralauterborniella subcincta and Paratanytarsus sp. (Diptera: Chironomidae)
1.10 Rice stem maggot, Chlorops oryzae Matsumura (Diptera: Chloropidae)
1.11 Rice seedling flies, Atherigona exigua Stein and Atherigona oryzae Malloch (Diptera: Muscidae)
1.12 Black beetles, Heteronychus mossambicus Peringuey (= H. oryzae Britton); Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae
1.13 ‘Chafers’ (white grubs), Leucopholis irrorata (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae, Melolonthinae)
1.14 Colaspis beetles, Colaspis brunnea and Colaspis louisianae (Say) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)
1.15 Rice root weevil, Echinocnemus oryzae Marshall (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)
1.16 Rice plant weevil, Echinocnemus squameus Billberg (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)
1.17 Paddy root weevil, Hydronomidius molitor Faust (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)
1.18 Rice water weevil (Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus Kuschel) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)
1.19 Gorgulho aquático do arroz (Oryzophagus oryzae)
1.20 Rice water weevil (Afroryzophilus djibai Lyal) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)
1.21 African subterranean termites, Macrotermes (Macrotermes bellicosus (Smeathman), Pseudacanthotermes militaris (Hagen)); Microtermes (Microcerotermes parvus (Haviland), Armitermes evuncifer Silvestri, Trinervitermes oeconomus (Trag
1.22 South American root-feeding termites, Procornitermes triacifer, P. araujoi and Syntermes molestus (Isoptera: Termitidae)
1.23 References
Chapter 2 Biology and ecology of rice-feeding insects: stem borers and rice gall midges
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Stalk-eyed borer, Diopsis longicornis Macquart (Diptera: Diopsidae)
2.3 Stalk-eyed fly, Diopsis apicalis Dalman (Diptera: Diopsidae)
2.4 Gold-fringed rice borer, Chilo auricilius Dudgeon (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)
2.5 Dark-headed stem borer, Chilo polychrysus (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)
2.6 Spotted stem borer, Chilo partellus (Swinh.) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)
2.7 American rice stalk borer, Chilo plejadellus Zincken (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)
2.8 Rice striped borer, Chilo suppressalis (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)
2.9 African striped rice borer, Chilo zacconius Bleszynski (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)
2.10 African white borer, Maliarpha separatella Ragonot; (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)
2.11 Yellow stem borer, Scirpophaga incertulas (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)
2.12 White stem borer, Scirpophaga innotata (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)
2.13 African pink borer, Sesamia calamistis Hampson (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
2.14 African pink borer, Sesamia nonagrioides botanephaga Tams and Bowden; (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
2.15 Asiatic pink stem borer, Sesamia inferens Walker (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
2.16 South American white borer, Rupela albinella (Cram.) (Lepidoptera: Schoenobiidae)
2.17 Sugarcane borer, Diatraea saccharalis (Fabricius) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)
2.18 Lesser cornstalk borer (LCB), Elasmopalpus lignosellus (Zeller) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)
2.19 Mexican rice borer, Eoreuma loftini (Dyar) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)
2.20 Asian rice gall midge, Orseolia oryzae (Wood-Mason) (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae)
2.21 African rice gall midge, Orseolia oryzivora Harris and Gagne (Cecidomyiidae: Diptera)
2.22 References
Chapter 3 Biology and ecology of rice-feeding insects: leafhoppers and planthoppers
3.1 Introduction
3.2 White rice leafhoppers, Cofana spectra (Distant) and C. unimaculata (Signoret) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae)
3.3 Green leafhoppers, Nephotettix spp. (Homoptera: Cicadellidae)
3.4 Nephotettix afer Ghauri and Nephotettix modulatus Melichar (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae)
3.5 Nephotettix nigropictus (Stål) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae)
3.6 Nephotettix cincticeps (Uhler) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae)
3.7 Nephotettix virescens (Distant) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae)
3.8 Nephotettix malayanus Ishihara et Kawase (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae)
3.9 Zigzag leafhopper, Recilia dorsalis (Motschulsky) (Homoptera: Cicadellidae)
3.10 Smaller brown planthopper, Laodelphax striatellus (Fallen) (Homoptera: Delphacidae)
3.11 Brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens (Stål) (Homoptera: Delphacidae)
3.12 White-backed planthopper, Sogatella furcifera (Horvath) (Homoptera: Delphacide)
3.13 Rice delphacid, Tagosodes orizicolus (Muir) (Homoptera: Delphacidae)
3.14 Rice delphacid, Tagosodes cubanus (Crawford) (Hemiptera: Delphacidae)
3.15 Spittlebugs, Locris maculata maculata Fabricius and L. rubra Fabricius (Hemiptera: Cercopidae)
3.16 Spittlebugs (Cigarrinha das pastagens), Deois flavopicta Stål (Hemiptera: Cercopidae)
3.17 References
Chapter 4 Biology and ecology of rice-feeding insects: foliage feeders
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Large rice grasshoppers, Hieroglyphus banian (Fabricius) and Hieroglyphus nigrorepletus (I. Bol.) (Orthoptera: Acrididae)
4.3 Rice grasshopper, Hieroglyphus daganensis Krauss (Orthoptera: Acrididae)
4.4 Short-horned grasshoppers, Oxya spp. (Orthoptera: Acrididae)
4.5 Variegated grasshoppers, Zonocerus variegatus (L.) (Orthoptera: Pyrgomorphidae)
4.6 Meadow grasshoppers, Conocephalus spp. (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae)
4.7 Whitefly, Aleurocybotus indicus David and Subramaniam (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae)
4.8 Rice whitefly, Aleurocybotus occiduus Maria (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae)
4.9 Spider mites, Oligonychus pratensis Banks, O. senegalensis Gutierrez and Etienne, O. oryzae Hirst and Tetranychus neocaledonicus Andre (Acari: Tetranychidae)
4.10 Rice thrips, Stenchaetothrips biformis (Bagnall) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae)
4.11 Rice leaffolder, Cnaphalocrocis medinalis (Guenée) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)
4.12 Rice leaffolder, Marasmia patnalis (Bradley) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)
4.13 Fijian rice leaffolder, Susumia exigua (Butler) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)
4.14 Rice caseworm, Nymphula depunctalis (Guenée) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)
4.15 Green horned caterpillar, Melanitis leda ismene Cramer (Lepidoptera: Satyridae)
4.16 Rice skipper, Parnara guttata (Bremer et Grey) (Lepidoptera: Hesperidiae)
4.17 Rice skipper, Pelopidas mathias (F.) (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae)
4.18 Rice ear-cutting caterpillar, Mythimna separata (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
4.19 The fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
4.20 Common cutworm, Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
4.21 Rice swarming caterpillar, Spodoptera mauritia (Boisd.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
4.22 Common armyworm, Mythimna unipuncta (Haworth) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
4.23 Rice green semiloopers, Naranga aenescens (Moore) and Naranga diffusa Walker (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
4.24 Green hairy caterpillars, Rivula atimeta (Swinhoe) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
4.25 Rice whorl maggot, Hydrellia prosternalis Deeming (Diptera: Ephydridae)
4.26 Rice leaf miner, Hydrellia griseola (Fallen) (Diptera: Ephydridae)
4.27 Rice whorl maggot, Hydrellia philippina Ferino (Diptera: Ephydridae)
4.28 South American rice miner, Hydrellia wirthi Korytkowski (Diptera: Ephydridae)
4.29 Leaf miner, Cerodontha orbitona (Spencer) (Diptera: Agromyzidae)
4.30 Paddy stem maggot, Hydrellia sasakii Yausa et Isitani (Diptera: Ephydridae)
4.31 Asian rice hispa, Dicladispa armigera (Oliver) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)
4.32 African rice hispa, Trichispa sericea (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)
4.33 Rice blue beetle, Leptispa pygmaea Baly (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)
4.34 Rice leaf beetle, Oulema oryzae (Kuwayama) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)
4.35 Flea beetles, Chaetocnema spp. (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)
4.36 Ladybird beetle, Chnootriba similis (Mulsant) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)
4.37 Foliage feeding aphids
4.38 References
Chapter 5 Biology and ecology of rice-feeding insects: panicle feeders
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Stink bugs
5.3 Alydid bugs, Stenocoris spp., Mirperus spp., Riptortus dentipes (Hemiptera: Alydidae)
5.4 Rice bugs, Leptocorisa spp. (Hemiptera: Alydidae)
5.5 Stink bugs (Aspavia spp.) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae)
5.6 Southern green stink bug, Nezara viridula (L.) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae)
5.7 Rice stink bugs, Oebalus spp. (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae)
5.8 Earwigs, Diaperasticus erythrocephalus (Olivier) (Dermaptera: Forficulidae)
5.9 Blister beetles (Coleoptera: Meloidae)
5.10 Panicle thrips, Haplothrips spp. (Thysanoptera: Phlaeothripidae)
5.11 References
Chapter 6 Integrated pest management (IPM) of rice
6.1 Concepts and options for rice IPM
6.2 Cultural practices in rice IPM
6.3 Promoting natural enemies of rice pests: conservation biological control
6.4 Augmentative biological control
6.5 Selective insecticides
6.6 Dissemination mechanisms for rice IPM
6.7 References
Index
