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Here novel biphenol-based wholly aromatic poly(arylene ether sulfone)s containing up to two pendant sulfonate groups per repeat unit were prepared by direct aromatic nucleophilic substitution polycondensation of disodium 3,3'disulfonate-4,4'-dichlorodiphenylsulfone, 4,4'dichlorodiphenylsulfone and 4,4'-biphenol.
Copolymerization proceeded to high molecular weight in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone at 190ยฐC. Tough membranes were successfully cast using N,N-dimethylactamide. An increase in sulfonate groups in the copolymer resulted in increased glass transition temperature, and enhanced membrane hydrophilicity and intrinsic viscosity. The new copolymers are candidates as new polymeric electrolyte materials for PEMFCs.
๐ SIMILAR VOLUMES
NilYSZ SOFC anode
This novel method offers high spatial and time resolution, non-intrusive and dynamic current measurements in real time along a single flow channel in a PEM fuel cell. At low reactant flow rate (high utilization) there was depletion of reactant along the channel, and beyond a certain position in the
dependent on politically volatile and precarious overseas oil supplies. Some of it is in direct response to a desire for an 'environmentally friendly' energy source.
Special issue on high-temperature electrochemistry (particularly SOFCs), in memory of Masayuki Dokiya