Release of metal ions from dental implant materialsin vivo: Determination of Al, Co, Cr, Mo, Ni, V, and Ti in organ tissue
✍ Scribed by Lugowski, Stan J. ;Smith, Dennis C. ;McHugh, Alana D. ;Van Loon, Jon C.
- Book ID
- 102871961
- Publisher
- John Wiley and Sons
- Year
- 1991
- Tongue
- English
- Weight
- 938 KB
- Volume
- 25
- Category
- Article
- ISSN
- 0021-9304
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✦ Synopsis
Little is known of the release of trace elements in vivo from dental implant materials. Conflicting data have been reported in the literature as to the levels of trace elements released and their potential consequences, mainly because of sampling and analytical methodological errors. In this study methods for average concentration levels of Al, Cr, Co, Mo, Ni, Ti, and V in organs were developed using rabbit tissue from an in vivo implantation study. At least 50% of the brain, liver, lung, kidney, and spleen were taken minimizing contamination. The tissue was homogenized by cryogenic milling at LNz temperature and then freeze-dried. Samples were digested in nitric acid and hydrogen peroxide using microwave energy. Standard reference materials were utilized for quality control. One liver sample was analyzed 10 times to assess the method precision. Absorbance values in blanks, standards, and test samples were measured using a Varian GTA 95 graphite furnace and 875 spectrophotometer. Very satisfactory method precision and quality control were recorded. Low or very low levels of the trace elements were found in the various organs.
IN T RODUC T ION
In the last decade total joint arthroplasty has developed to the point that successful functional outcomes can be produced in a majority of the more than 150,000 cases of joint replacements that are performed every year in North America.' In recent years the dental implant has also become clinically successful with a rapid growth in the placement of endosseous implants.2 In both these clinical applications of implant materials corrosion resistant metals and ceramics are used as load-bearing implants. Although we know little of the effects of the surface chemistry of implant materials on the material-tissue reaction, it is well established that metallic ion release occurs from implant material^.^ This release may be increased significantly by porous-or-rough-surface implants4 and when particulate wear debris is p r e ~e n t . ~ Many elements present in metal implant components have signifi-*To whom correspondence should be addressed.