The base promoted oligomerization of 15-dehydro-PGB1\_ (la) results in the formation of six dimers via a Michael addition pathway. The simultaneous operation of multiple reaction sites as required by dimer formation has major consequences for the structural complexity of the oligomeric mixture PGBx.
Regulatory elements and functional implication for the formation of dimeric visinin-like protein-1
✍ Scribed by Ku-Chung Chen; Li-Kuan Wang; Long-Sen Chang
- Publisher
- John Wiley and Sons
- Year
- 2009
- Tongue
- English
- Weight
- 288 KB
- Volume
- 15
- Category
- Article
- ISSN
- 1075-2617
- DOI
- 10.1002/psc.1097
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✦ Synopsis
Abstract
Size exclusion chromatographic analyses showed that Ca^2+^‐free VILIP‐1 contained both monomeric and dimeric forms, while no appreciable dimerization was noted with Ca^2+^‐free VILIP‐3. Swapping of EF‐hands 3 and 4 of VILIP‐1 with those of VILIP‐3 caused the inability of the resulting chimeric protein to form dimeric protein. Nonreducing SDS‐PAGE analyses revealed that most of the dimeric VILIP‐1 was noncovalently bound together. Reduced glutathione (GSH)/oxidized glutathione (GSSG) treatment notably enhanced the formation of disulfide‐linked VILIP‐1 dimer, while Ca^2+^ and Mg^2+^ enhanced disulfide dimerization of VILIP‐1 marginally in the presence of thiol compounds. Cys‐187 at the C‐terminus of VILIP‐1 contributed greatly to form S‐S‐crosslinked dimer as revealed by mutagenesis studies. The ability of GSH/GSSG‐treated VILIP‐1 to activate guanylyl cyclase B was reduced by substituting Cys‐187 with Ala. Together with disulfide dimer of VILIP‐1 detected in rat brain extracts, our data may imply the functional contribution of disulfide dimer to the interaction of VILIP‐1 with its physiological target(s). Copyright © 2008 European Peptide Society and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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