Reform of Higher Education in Europe

✍ Scribed by J. Enders, H. F. de Boer, D. F. Westerheijden

• Publisher: Sense Publishers
• Year: 2011
• Tongue: English
• Leaves: 198
• Category: Library

✦ Synopsis

The volume 'Reform of higher education in Europe' is published in celebration of CHEPS' 25th anniversary. All contributors to this book are working at CHEPS, and bring their extensive knowledge of the deep-seated reforms and changes to the field of higher education and research over the last 25 years. The chapters are each devoted to a detailed policy analysis deeply rooted in CHEPS' quarter-century programme of theoretical and empirical research. Some contributions cover key themes of concern since CHEPS' early years, including state-university relationships, quality assurance and funding. Other contributions cover more contemporary higher education policy issues, including European reform initiatives (innovation, the Bologna Process, doctoral training and the Erasmus programme) and debates around higher education institutions' evolving functions, including the university's third mission and the research function of universities of applied sciences. What unifies all chapters is their recognition that policy success is dependent on smart implementation grounded in a comprehensive understanding of highly complex policy processes. The book as a whole offers clear descriptions and analyses of how policy processes are implemented through co-ordinated institutional and stakeholder interventions. This volume seeks to enhance academic and policy-maker understanding of Europe's evolving higher education system as it emerges as a cornerstone of the contemporary knowledge society.

✦ Table of Contents

Cover......Page 1
Reform of Higher Education in Europe......Page 2
ISBN: 9789460915543 (hardback)......Page 5
TABLE OF CONTENTS......Page 6
1.1 AN INTRODUCTION......Page 8
REFERENCES......Page 16
2.1 INTRODUCTION......Page 18
2.2 FROM NATIONAL EMBEDDEDNESS TO FAVOURING A COMMON EUROPEAN HIGHER EDUCATION AREA......Page 19
2.3 THE CONSTITUTIVE DYNAMICS EMBEDDED IN THE BOLOGNA DECLARATION......Page 21
2.4 SETTING THE GOALS FOR A COMMON DEGREE STRUCTURE......Page 22
2.5 EFFECT OF DEGREE REFORM ON NATIONAL POLICY-MAKING OF COUNTRIES PARTICIPATING IN THE BOLOGNA PROCESS......Page 23
2.6.1 The Bologna Process and Degree Reform in France......Page 25
2.6.2 The Bologna Process and Degree Reform in Italy......Page 27
2.6.3 The Bologna Process and Degree Reform in the Netherlands......Page 28
2.6.4 The Bologna Process and Degree Reform in Russia......Page 30
2.7 DISCUSSION: COMMONALITY AND DIVERSITY – THE INFLUENCE OF EUROPE VS. INTERNAL POLITICS......Page 31
NOTES......Page 32
REFERENCES......Page 33
3.1 INTRODUCTION......Page 36
3.2 THEORY......Page 37
3.2.1 Organisational Fields......Page 38
3.2.2 Governance Instruments of International Organizations......Page 39
3.3 A SHORT HISTORY OF THE THIRD CYCLE IN THE BOLOGNA PROCESS......Page 41
3.4 ANALYSING THE PROCESS......Page 44
3.5 CONCLUSION: A NEW ARENA OF EDUCATIONAL GOVERNANCE?......Page 48
REFERENCES......Page 49
4.1 INTRODUCTION......Page 52
4.2 THE ERASMUS PROGRAMME AND EUROPEAN UNIVERSITIES......Page 53
4.3 EUROPE, NATION STATES AND HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS......Page 55
4.4 THE IMPACT OF THE ERASMUS PROGRAMME......Page 57
4.4.1 The Impact of ERASMUS on Higher Education Institutions and Academic Departments......Page 59
4.4.1.1 The Impact of ERASMUS on Teaching, Learning and Student Services......Page 60
4.4.1.3 The Impact of ERASMUS on Research......Page 61
4.4.1.5 The Impact of ERASMUS on Institutional Management and Development......Page 62
4.4.2 The Impact of ERASMUS on (supra-) National Developments......Page 63
4.5 CONCLUSIONS......Page 67
REFERENCES......Page 68
5.2 THE INNOVATION SYSTEMS PERSPECTIVE......Page 70
5.3 THE EU POLITICAL CONTEXT......Page 71
5.3.1 EU Higher Education Policy......Page 73
5.3.3 EU Research Policy......Page 75
5.4 ISSUES FOR EUROPEAN HIGHER EDUCATION AND RESEARCH INSTITUTIONS......Page 77
5.4.1 Enrolments and Labour Market Needs......Page 78
5.4.2 Research Excellence and Knowledge Transfer......Page 80
5.4.3 Public and Private Funding......Page 81
5.4.4 Multi-Level Governance......Page 82
5.5 INSTITUTIONAL PROFILES......Page 84
REFERENCES......Page 85
6.1 INTRODUCTION......Page 88
6.2 MODERNISATION AND THE UNIVERSITY INSTITUTIONAL LANDSCAPE......Page 89
6.2.1 The Perpetual Funding Crisis of the ‘Endless Frontier’......Page 90
6.2.2 Liberalisation and the Commodification of Scientific Knowledge......Page 91
6.2.4 Competitiveness and the Urgent Imperative of Usefulness......Page 92
6.3 UNIVERSITIES AS DRIVERS OR RECIPIENTS OF CHANGE?......Page 93
6.4.1 The Emergence of Valorisation Policy in the Netherlands......Page 95
6.5 UNIVERSITY COMMERCIALISATION AND THE CHANGING INSTITUTIONAL IDENTITY......Page 105
REFERENCES......Page 106
7.1 INTRODUCTION......Page 110
7.2 STRUCTURAL DIFFERENCES AND CONVERGENCES ACROSS EUROPE......Page 112
7.3 ACADEMIC OR POLICY DRIFT?......Page 114
7.4.2 Boosting Regional Innovation......Page 116
7.4.3 Changing Competencies for Professional Practice......Page 117
7.5 TOWARDS A DISTINCTIVE RESEARCH PROFILE......Page 118
7.6.1 Ireland: Integrated Research Continuum......Page 120
7.6.3 Switzerland: Extension to More Basic Research......Page 121
7.6.4 Finland: Regional Strategies and Associations......Page 122
7.6.6 Commonalities and Differences......Page 123
7.7 TRANSFORMING THE ORGANISATIONAL FIELD......Page 124
7.7.2 Research and Teaching: Where the Twain do Meet......Page 125
7.7.3 Practice-Led Research......Page 126
7.8 CONCLUSION......Page 127
REFERENCES......Page 128
8.1 INTRODUCTION......Page 130
8.2 COLLUSION, SOCIAL CAPITAL, & PRINCIPAL-AGENTS: THE RISE OF THE POLICY NETWORK......Page 131
8.3 AN OVERVIEW OF POLICY NETWORKS AS A TOOL......Page 133
8.4 PRINCIPAL-AGENT RELATIONSHIPS AND THE REFORM OF HIGHER EDUCATION......Page 135
8.5 THE PRACTICE OF HE POLICY NETWORKS FOR THE ‘THIRD MISSION’......Page 137
8.6 INNOVATION PLATFORMS AS A BOLD EXPERIMENT IN POLICY NETWORKS......Page 138
8.7.1.1 Finland’s Home Grown Innovation Platforms......Page 140
8.7.1.2 From Inter-Ministerial Clusters to Innovation Platforms......Page 141
8.7.2.1 Innovation Platforms as a Solution to Europe’s Sluggish Competitiveness......Page 143
8.8 ANALYSIS & DISCUSSION......Page 145
REFERENCES......Page 147
9.2 THEORETICAL CONSIDERATIONS......Page 150
9.3 METHODOLOGY......Page 151
9.4.1 Research Programming by the State......Page 153
9.4.2 The Second Governance Dimension: Competition for Resources......Page 155
9.4.4 The Fourth Governance Dimension: Stronger Demands from University Management......Page 156
9.4.5 The Fifth Governance Dimension: Demands from External Stakeholders......Page 157
9.5.1 Symbolic Compliance......Page 158
9.5.3 Conformity......Page 160
9.6 REFLECTION AND CONCLUSION......Page 161
NOTES......Page 162
REFERENCES......Page 163
10.1 INTRODUCTION......Page 166
10.2 DUTCH SUPERVISORY BOARDS IN THE PERIOD 1813–19452......Page 167
10.3 DUTCH SUPERVISORY BOARDS IN THE PERIOD 1945–1970......Page 169
10.4 DUTCH SUPERVISORY BOARDS AFTER 199710......Page 171
10.5 CONCLUDING REMARKS......Page 176
REFERENCES......Page 178
11.1 INTRODUCTION......Page 180
11.2 BUDGET SYSTEMS: WHERE DO PERFORMANCE-BASED BUDGETING AND CONTRACTING FIT IN?......Page 181
11.3 FUNDING MECHANISMS IN HIGHER EDUCATION: INTERNATIONAL TRENDS......Page 185
11.4 PERFORMANCE-BASED BUDGETING IN DUTCH HIGHER EDUCATION......Page 190
11.5 CONCLUSIONS AND REFLECTIONS......Page 195
REFERENCES......Page 197