Quantitative Genetics and Selection in Plant Breeding

✍ Scribed by Günter Wricke; Eberhard Weber

• Publisher: De Gruyter
• Year: 1986
• Tongue: English
• Leaves: 420
• Category: Library

✦ Table of Contents

Preface
Contents
1.Basic population genetics
1.1 Vegetatively propagated species
1.2 Cross-fertilizing species
One locus with two alleles
Multiple alleles at one locus
Two loci
Linkage
Multiple alleles at two loci
More than two loci
One-locus model
Inbreeding
Inbreeding coefficient
Path coefficients in the pedigree
Coefficient of coancestry
Linked loci
Hybridization
Small populations
1.3 Self-fertilizing species
Linkage
More than two loci
Partial selfing
1.4 Autotetraploid species
Equilibrium
Chromosome segregation
Chromatid segregation
Inbreeding
Hybridization
2. Quantitative genetics
2.1 Vegetatively propagated species
Variances
Covariances
Heritability
Experimental unit
Genotype-environment interaction
2.2 Cross-fertilizing species
One locus
Inbreeding
Change of the mean by inbreeding
Variances and covariances in inbred populations
Hybridization
Two loci
2.3 Self-fertilizing species
Linear genetic effects
Linkage
Variances
Variances between and within lines
Linkage
2.4 Autotetraploid species
Genetic effects and variances in the case of biallelism
General case
Inbreeding
3. Covariances between relatives
3.1 General derivation of the covariance between diploid relatives
One locus
Inbred parents
Two loci
3.2 Specific noninbred diploid relatives
Parent (P)-offspring (O)
Ancestor (P)-descendant (Ot) after t generations
Half sibs
Full sibs
Two linked loci
Parents (P)-offspring(O)
Ancestors (P)-descendent (Ot) after t generations
Half sibs (HS)
Full sibs (FS)
3.3 Covariances between tetraploid relatives
General derivation
Special relatives
Inbreeding
4. Estimation of genetic variances and covariances from experiments
4.1 Vegetatively propagated species and homozygous lines
One environment
Several environments
Phenotypic stability measures
Ecovalence
Slope of the regression line
Deviations from the regression line
4.2 Cross-fertilizing species
Parent-offspring covariance
Topcross and polycross
Hierarchical design
Factorial design
Diallels
Triple test cross and related designs
Combined Experiments
Variance components
Mean square
4.3 Self-fertilizing species
4.4 Tetraploid species
Hierarchical design
Factorial design
Diallels
5. Basic concepts of selection
5.1 Natural selection
Qualitative characters
Random mating populations
Selection against one homozygous genotype
Selection against both homozygous genotypes
Self-fertilizing crops
Quantitative characters
Genetic load
5.2 Artificial selection
Qualitative traits
Quantitative traits
Selection intensity
Response to selection
Variance of selected fractions
Indirect selection
Combined selection
6. Selection between clones and homozygous lines
6.1 Number and size of crosses
Minimization of risk
Maximization of the selection response
6.2 One-step selection within a population
Selection in one environment
Several environments
6.3 Selection within a population in several stages
7. Selection in cross-fertilizing crops - population improvement
7.1 Selection methods
Mass selection
Selection of half-sib and full-sib families
Half-sib families
Full-sib families
Inbred parents
Selfed progenies
Testcrosses with another population
Selection between and within families
7.2 Comparison of selection methods and recurrent selection
8. Synthetic varieties
Mean of synthetics
Inbreeding
Prediction of the mean
Epistasis
Selection of parents
Population improvement
General model
Varietal construction phase
Optimum number of parents
9. Hybrid varieties
Heterosis.
Selection of parents
Selection of hybrids
Merit of different types of hybrids
Population improvement
10. Selection in segregating generations of self-fertilizing crops
Creation of genetic variability
Selection in early generations
10.1 Selection for varieties
Selection between lines only
Selection between lines and sublines
Epistasis
Selection between lines, sublines and subsublines
Selection without an index
Selection in several steps
Comparison of two-step selection with one-step selection
Experimental results
10.2 Recurrent selection methods
Backcrossing
Population improvement
Model of Fouilloux (1980)
Combination of several lines
General remarks
11. Selection in autotetraploids
11.1 Population improvement
Mass selection
Half-sib family selection
Selection of selfed progenies
11.2 Synthetic varieties
Inbreeding
Prediction of the mean
Selection of parents
11.3 Hybrid varieties
Prediction of the mean of three-way and double crosses
Comparison of single and double cross hybrids with synthetics of 4 components
12. Selection for several characters
12.1 Index selection
12.2 Independent culling levels
13. Selection progress and selection limits
Appendix
A1 Distributions
Binomial and multinomial distribution
Poisson distribution
Normal distribution
Bivariate normal distribution
χ²-distribution
F-distribution
A2 Matrices
Definitions
Matrix algebra
Addition and subtraction
Multiplication
Determinants
Inverse of a matrix
Quadratic form
A3 Linear model and least squares estimation
Linear equation systems
General linear model
Least squares principle
A4 Variance components
Estimation
Variance of variance components
Variance of functions of variance components
Confidence limits of mean squares
References
Author index
Subject index